{"title":"Metabolization of the two most abundant polysaccharides, cellulose and chitin, by an extreme generalist insect, the American cockroach","authors":"Yechzkel Trablsi , Eran Levin , Sofia Bouchebti","doi":"10.1016/j.jinsphys.2025.104880","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cellulose and chitin are the two most abundant polysaccharides on Earth. To digest these structural carbohydrates, herbivorous and omnivorous insects typically rely on cellulases, while insectivorous species often express chitinases. The American cockroach (<em>Periplaneta americana</em>), an extreme generalist omnivore, is known to thrive on a variety of diets. However, little is known about its ability to metabolize structural polysaccharides such as cellulose and chitin. In this study, we fed cockroaches <sup>13</sup>C-labeled cellulose and chitin to assess their metabolic capacity and the tissue-level allocation of these polysaccharides across sexes and life stages. Our results show that <em>P. americana</em> metabolized chitin at a significantly higher rate than cellulose and incorporated only chitin-derived carbon into body tissues, with clear sex- and life stage-specific patterns: nymphs allocated more chitin-derived carbon to their muscles, while females incorporated more into the fat body and reproductive tissues.</div><div>These results provide in vivo evidence of <em>P. americana</em>’s capacity to metabolize both cellulose and chitin but also reveal a strong preference for chitin utilization under carbohydrate-rich conditions. This study contributes to our understanding of nutrient allocation strategies in generalist insects and offers evolutionary insight into the digestive capabilities of Blattodea, shedding light on their adaptive strategies for utilizing a wide range of dietary materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of insect physiology","volume":"166 ","pages":"Article 104880"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of insect physiology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022191025001349","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENTOMOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Cellulose and chitin are the two most abundant polysaccharides on Earth. To digest these structural carbohydrates, herbivorous and omnivorous insects typically rely on cellulases, while insectivorous species often express chitinases. The American cockroach (Periplaneta americana), an extreme generalist omnivore, is known to thrive on a variety of diets. However, little is known about its ability to metabolize structural polysaccharides such as cellulose and chitin. In this study, we fed cockroaches 13C-labeled cellulose and chitin to assess their metabolic capacity and the tissue-level allocation of these polysaccharides across sexes and life stages. Our results show that P. americana metabolized chitin at a significantly higher rate than cellulose and incorporated only chitin-derived carbon into body tissues, with clear sex- and life stage-specific patterns: nymphs allocated more chitin-derived carbon to their muscles, while females incorporated more into the fat body and reproductive tissues.
These results provide in vivo evidence of P. americana’s capacity to metabolize both cellulose and chitin but also reveal a strong preference for chitin utilization under carbohydrate-rich conditions. This study contributes to our understanding of nutrient allocation strategies in generalist insects and offers evolutionary insight into the digestive capabilities of Blattodea, shedding light on their adaptive strategies for utilizing a wide range of dietary materials.
期刊介绍:
All aspects of insect physiology are published in this journal which will also accept papers on the physiology of other arthropods, if the referees consider the work to be of general interest. The coverage includes endocrinology (in relation to moulting, reproduction and metabolism), pheromones, neurobiology (cellular, integrative and developmental), physiological pharmacology, nutrition (food selection, digestion and absorption), homeostasis, excretion, reproduction and behaviour. Papers covering functional genomics and molecular approaches to physiological problems will also be included. Communications on structure and applied entomology can be published if the subject matter has an explicit bearing on the physiology of arthropods. Review articles and novel method papers are also welcomed.