The effects of cadmium and high fructose diet on metabolic and reproductive health in female CD-1 mice

IF 3.5 3区医学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food and Chemical Toxicology Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI:10.1016/j.fct.2025.115726

Victoria R. Adams , Janice A. Dye , Micheal G. Narotsky , Makala L. Moore , Helen H. Nguyen , Aubrey L. Sasser , Kaberi P. Das , Lillian F. Strader , Joseph P. Pancras , Donna Hill , Chloe Davis , Wanda C. Williams , Rachel D. Grindstaff , William T. Padgett , Christopher Lau , Colette N. Miller

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Abstract

Background

Evaluation of the combined effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals and dietary factors provides critical information for cumulative health risk assessment. Herein, we investigated the effects of cadmium (Cd) exposure and high fructose (HFr) diet on metabolic and reproductive health in female mice.

Methods

Female CD-1 mice were exposed to cadmium chloride (CdCl₂) (0.0 ppm, 0.5 ppm, or 5.0 ppm) in drinking water with or without 59 % high fructose (HFr) diet for 7.5 weeks. Body composition, serum chemistry, hepatic lipid composition and gene expression were evaluated for metabolic disruption. To assess reproductive health, steroid hormones and estrous cyclicity were measured.

Results

The combination of Cd and HFr diet did not alter body composition, adipokines, nor circulating lipids. Conversely, this combination exacerbated the independent Cd- and HFr diet–induced reductions in serum IL-1β. HFr diet drove the bulk of the effects on surveyed metabolic endpoints irrespective of Cd exposure. However, both Cd and HFr diet independently reduced serum estradiol and interfered with estrous cyclicity.

Conclusion

These results suggest that, at least for metabolic outcomes in females, HFr diet is the main driver of adverse effects. While limited interaction between these exposures was present, both stressors equally disrupted reproductive health endpoints in female mice.

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镉和高果糖饮食对雌性CD-1小鼠代谢和生殖健康的影响

研究干扰内分泌的化学物质和饮食因素的综合影响为累积健康风险评估提供了重要信息。本文研究了镉（Cd）暴露和高果糖（HFr）饮食对雌性小鼠代谢和生殖健康的影响。方法雌性CD-1小鼠在含或不含59%高果糖（HFr）饮食的饮用水中暴露于氯化镉（CdCl2）（0.0 ppm， 0.5 ppm或5.0 ppm） 7.5周。评估机体组成、血清化学、肝脏脂质组成和基因表达是否存在代谢紊乱。为了评估生殖健康，测量了类固醇激素和发情周期。结果Cd和HFr联合饮食没有改变机体组成、脂肪因子和循环脂质。相反，这种组合加剧了独立的Cd和HFr饮食诱导的血清IL-1β的降低。HFr饮食对所调查的代谢终点的大部分影响与Cd暴露无关。然而，Cd和HFr饮食各自降低了血清雌二醇并干扰了发情周期。结论这些结果表明，至少在女性的代谢结果中，HFr饮食是不良反应的主要驱动因素。虽然这些暴露之间存在有限的相互作用，但这两种压力源同样破坏了雌性小鼠的生殖健康终点。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Food and Chemical Toxicology 工程技术-毒理学

CiteScore

10.90

自引率

4.70%

发文量

651

审稿时长

31 days

期刊介绍： Food and Chemical Toxicology (FCT), an internationally renowned journal, that publishes original research articles and reviews on toxic effects, in animals and humans, of natural or synthetic chemicals occurring in the human environment with particular emphasis on food, drugs, and chemicals, including agricultural and industrial safety, and consumer product safety. Areas such as safety evaluation of novel foods and ingredients, biotechnologically-derived products, and nanomaterials are included in the scope of the journal. FCT also encourages submission of papers on inter-relationships between nutrition and toxicology and on in vitro techniques, particularly those fostering the 3 Rs. The principal aim of the journal is to publish high impact, scholarly work and to serve as a multidisciplinary forum for research in toxicology. Papers submitted will be judged on the basis of scientific originality and contribution to the field, quality and subject matter. Studies should address at least one of the following: -Adverse physiological/biochemical, or pathological changes induced by specific defined substances -New techniques for assessing potential toxicity, including molecular biology -Mechanisms underlying toxic phenomena -Toxicological examinations of specific chemicals or consumer products, both those showing adverse effects and those demonstrating safety, that meet current standards of scientific acceptability. Authors must clearly and briefly identify what novel toxic effect (s) or toxic mechanism (s) of the chemical are being reported and what their significance is in the abstract. Furthermore, sufficient doses should be included in order to provide information on NOAEL/LOAEL values.