Green nanoparticles in agriculture: Enhancing crop growth and stress tolerance

IF 6.8 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Stress Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI:10.1016/j.stress.2025.101017

Jiang YingYing , Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian , Sungkwon Park , Asha Anand , Arun Meyyazhagan , Manikantan Pappusamy , Kuppusamy Alagesan Paari , Hesam Kamyab , Shreeshivadasan Chelliapan

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Abstract

The rapid rise in demand for sustainable agriculture has fueled interest in innovative, eco-friendly approaches to enhance productivity amid climate change and environmental stressors. Among recent advances, green nanoparticles, nanomaterials synthesised via biological routes, have emerged as promising agents for promoting crop productivity and mitigating abiotic and biotic stresses. Plant-mediated nanoparticles, such as metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, have highlighted their roles as a promising alternative to conventional chemical fertilizers and pesticides, due to their superior effectiveness, minimal toxicity, and eco-friendly nature. The physicochemical properties and the mechanisms by which green nanoparticles improve nutrient use efficiency, stimulate plant hormonal dynamics, and bolster antioxidative defense systems. The impacts of green nanoparticles on germination, root and shoot elongation, photosynthetic efficiency, and nutrient assimilation are well discussed, showcasing their potential in yield enhancement and vegetative growth. Furthermore, this review also elucidates their function in modulating oxidative stress, activating defense pathways, and conferring tolerance against drought, salinity, heavy metals, and pathogen attacks by influencing plant physiological, molecular, and metabolic responses. By integrating recent findings, this review highlights the dual advantage of green nanoparticles: enhancing crop productivity while minimizing environmental footprint. The challenges related to nanoparticle biosafety, large-scale application, and regulatory frameworks are also addressed. The article concludes by outlining future research directions aimed at harnessing green nanotechnology to achieve sustainable crop production and global food security.

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绿色纳米颗粒在农业中的应用：促进作物生长和抗逆性

在气候变化和环境压力下，对可持续农业需求的快速增长激发了人们对创新、环保方法的兴趣，以提高生产力。在最近的进展中，绿色纳米粒子，通过生物途径合成的纳米材料，已经成为提高作物生产力和减轻非生物和生物胁迫的有希望的药物。植物介导的纳米颗粒，如金属和金属氧化物纳米颗粒，由于其优越的有效性、最小的毒性和生态友好性，已成为传统化学肥料和农药的有前途的替代品。绿色纳米颗粒提高养分利用效率、刺激植物激素动态和增强抗氧化防御系统的理化性质和机制。绿色纳米颗粒对发芽、根冠伸长、光合效率和养分同化的影响得到了很好的讨论，展示了它们在增产和营养生长方面的潜力。此外，本综述还阐明了它们在调节氧化应激、激活防御途径以及通过影响植物的生理、分子和代谢反应来赋予对干旱、盐、重金属和病原体攻击的耐受性方面的功能。通过整合最近的发现，这篇综述强调了绿色纳米颗粒的双重优势：提高作物生产力，同时最大限度地减少环境足迹。与纳米粒子生物安全、大规模应用和监管框架相关的挑战也得到了解决。这篇文章最后概述了未来旨在利用绿色纳米技术实现可持续作物生产和全球粮食安全的研究方向。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Plant Stress PLANT SCIENCES-

CiteScore

5.20

自引率

8.00%

发文量

审稿时长

63 days

期刊介绍： The journal Plant Stress deals with plant (or other photoautotrophs, such as algae, cyanobacteria and lichens) responses to abiotic and biotic stress factors that can result in limited growth and productivity. Such responses can be analyzed and described at a physiological, biochemical and molecular level. Experimental approaches/technologies aiming to improve growth and productivity with a potential for downstream validation under stress conditions will also be considered. Both fundamental and applied research manuscripts are welcome, provided that clear mechanistic hypotheses are made and descriptive approaches are avoided. In addition, high-quality review articles will also be considered, provided they follow a critical approach and stimulate thought for future research avenues. Plant Stress welcomes high-quality manuscripts related (but not limited) to interactions between plants and: Lack of water (drought) and excess (flooding), Salinity stress, Elevated temperature and/or low temperature (chilling and freezing), Hypoxia and/or anoxia, Mineral nutrient excess and/or deficiency, Heavy metals and/or metalloids, Plant priming (chemical, biological, physiological, nanomaterial, biostimulant) approaches for improved stress protection, Viral, phytoplasma, bacterial and fungal plant-pathogen interactions. The journal welcomes basic and applied research articles, as well as review articles and short communications. All submitted manuscripts will be subject to a thorough peer-reviewing process.