Assessment of cell death and genotoxic potential of glyphosate and cypermethrin formulations, individually and in combination, in HEp-2 cells

IF 4.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI:10.1016/j.etap.2025.104815

Isis Coalova , Nancy Andrioli , Hugo March , María del Carmen Ríos de Molina , Gabriela Chaufan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The increasing global use of pesticides in crop pest control has raised concerns about toxic interactions. This study investigates the interaction between glyphosate and cypermethrin formulations concerning cell death and genotoxicity. Three models were applied to assess whether the combined effects were additive, antagonistic, or synergistic: "Linear Interaction Effect", "Combination Subthresholding," and "Cooperative Effect". Key indicators, such as apoptotic nuclei, caspase 3/7 activity, early and late apoptosis, micronuclei frequency, and mitotic abnormalities, were evaluated. Results showed synergistic effects on early and late apoptosis, as indicated by the "Linear Interaction Effect" model, while morphological apoptosis markers and micronuclei frequency displayed additive effects. Caspase 3/7 activity induction was synergistic, though no interaction was observed in the combination effect. These findings suggest that agrochemical mixtures cause more severe toxic effects than individual chemicals, emphasizing the need for mechanistic studies on common environmental contaminant mixtures.

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评估草甘膦和氯氰菊酯制剂单独和联合在HEp-2细胞中的细胞死亡和基因毒性潜力。

全球越来越多地使用杀虫剂来控制作物病虫害，这引起了人们对毒性相互作用的关注。本研究探讨草甘膦和氯氰菊酯制剂在细胞死亡和遗传毒性方面的相互作用。采用三个模型来评估组合效应是相加性、拮抗性还是协同性：“线性相互作用效应”、“组合亚阈值”和“合作效应”。评价凋亡核、caspase 3/7活性、凋亡早期和晚期、微核频率、有丝分裂异常等关键指标。结果表明，细胞凋亡的早期和晚期具有协同作用，表现为“线性相互作用”模型，而凋亡形态学标志物和微核频率表现为加性作用。诱导Caspase 3/7活性具有协同作用，但在联合效应中未观察到相互作用。这些发现表明，农用化学品混合物比单个化学品造成更严重的毒性作用，强调需要对常见的环境污染物混合物进行机理研究。

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来源期刊

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology 医学-毒理学

CiteScore

7.00

自引率

4.70%

发文量

185

审稿时长

34 days

期刊介绍： Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology publishes the results of studies concerning toxic and pharmacological effects of (human and veterinary) drugs and of environmental contaminants in animals and man. Areas of special interest are: molecular mechanisms of toxicity, biotransformation and toxicokinetics (including toxicokinetic modelling), molecular, biochemical and physiological mechanisms explaining differences in sensitivity between species and individuals, the characterisation of pathophysiological models and mechanisms involved in the development of effects and the identification of biological markers that can be used to study exposure and effects in man and animals. In addition to full length papers, short communications, full-length reviews and mini-reviews, Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology will publish in depth assessments of special problem areas. The latter publications may exceed the length of a full length paper three to fourfold. A basic requirement is that the assessments are made under the auspices of international groups of leading experts in the fields concerned. The information examined may either consist of data that were already published, or of new data that were obtained within the framework of collaborative research programmes. Provision is also made for the acceptance of minireviews on (classes of) compounds, toxicities or mechanisms, debating recent advances in rapidly developing fields that fall within the scope of the journal.