Investigating the Dissolution of Ibuprofen and Empagliflozin in Aqueous Deep Eutectic Solvent Systems: Experimental and Thermodynamic Modeling Insights.

IF 4.3 3区医学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Pharmaceutical Research Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-04 DOI:10.1007/s11095-025-03921-4

Shadi Janfaza, Ali Haghtalab

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose: This study investigated the potential of a deep eutectic solvent (DES) to enhance the dissolution of two poorly water-soluble drugs, ibuprofen (IBU) and empagliflozin (EMPA). The DES was synthesized from tetrabutylphosphonium bromide (TBPB) and diethylene glycol (DEG).

Methods: The apparent solubility of IBU and EMPA was measured in aqueous solutions containing eleven different mass fractions of the DES at temperatures ranging from 20 to 40°C. Dissolution kinetics were monitored over 24 h to differentiate between true equilibrium solubility and supersaturated states. The collected experimental data were then analyzed and correlated using three thermodynamic models: Wilson, NRTL, and UNIQUAC.

Results: The findings indicated that ibuprofen achieved higher dissolution than empagliflozin in the DES-water system. For both drugs, the dissolution process was endothermic, with solubility increasing as both temperature and DES concentration increased. Among the thermodynamic models tested, the UNIQUAC model provided the most accurate correlation with the experimental dissolution data.

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研究布洛芬和恩格列净在水相深度共晶溶剂体系中的溶解：实验和热力学模型的见解。

目的：研究深层共熔溶剂（DES）对布洛芬（IBU）和恩格列净（EMPA）两种水溶性较差药物溶出的促进作用。以四丁基溴化磷（TBPB）和二甘醇（DEG）为原料合成了DES。方法：在20 ~ 40℃的温度范围内，测定了IBU和EMPA在含有11种不同质量组分DES的水溶液中的表观溶解度。在24小时内监测溶解动力学，以区分真正的平衡溶解度和过饱和状态。然后使用Wilson、NRTL和UNIQUAC三种热力学模型对收集的实验数据进行分析和关联。结果：布洛芬在des水体系中的溶出度高于依格列净。两种药物的溶出过程均为吸热过程，溶出度随温度和DES浓度的增加而增加。在所测试的热力学模型中，UNIQUAC模型与实验溶解数据的相关性最准确。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Pharmaceutical Research 医学-化学综合

CiteScore

6.60

自引率

5.40%

发文量

276

审稿时长

3.4 months

期刊介绍： Pharmaceutical Research, an official journal of the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, is committed to publishing novel research that is mechanism-based, hypothesis-driven and addresses significant issues in drug discovery, development and regulation. Current areas of interest include, but are not limited to: -(pre)formulation engineering and processing- computational biopharmaceutics- drug delivery and targeting- molecular biopharmaceutics and drug disposition (including cellular and molecular pharmacology)- pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and pharmacogenetics. Research may involve nonclinical and clinical studies, and utilize both in vitro and in vivo approaches. Studies on small drug molecules, pharmaceutical solid materials (including biomaterials, polymers and nanoparticles) biotechnology products (including genes, peptides, proteins and vaccines), and genetically engineered cells are welcome.