Antifungal Drug Resistance.

Abstract

Fungal infections pose an important threat to public health and food security, and with the rise in antifungal drug and fungicide resistance, we are faced with a global crisis. Currently, humanity is at an intersection of global climate change driving the expansion of species range distributions, emergence of novel pathogenic fungi, and changing at-risk populations. Here, we review the main mechanisms of antifungal drug and fungicide resistance, new drugs and mode-of-action drug classes, and future topics for risk reduction. We propose that integrating One Health and surveillance is a crucial first step in addressing this issue. Additionally, we emphasise that global collaboration among multiple stakeholders is essential to reverse the current upward trend in observed resistance. Finally, plant and medical mycologists can and should work together for the creation of a common language and antifungal stewardship plan.