Adaptive Double Pulse Dual Coprime Frequency Diverse Array Multiple Input Multiple Output Radar for Enhanced Range, Angle and Doppler Estimation

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a Double Pulse-based Dual Coprime Frequency Diverse Array Multiple Input Multiple Output (DCFDA-MIMO) radar for enhanced target parameter estimation, including range, angle, and Doppler. The proposed model employs an unstructured approach for parameter estimation using the recently developed DCFDA-MIMO radar, which has garnered significant attention due to its superior target resolution compared to traditional Frequency Diverse Array MIMO (FDA-MIMO) radar. Because most conventional designs rely on a structured approach using a single pulse, conventional FDA-MIMO radar suffers from increased computational complexity due to multiple signal classification (MUSIC) and strong coupling between range and angle parameters. To address these challenges, we introduce an efficient, low-complexity method that effectively reduces range-angle coupling and improves target parameter estimation. Unlike existing techniques, the proposed approach uses the Double Pulse method, transmitting the first pulse without frequency increments to estimate the angle. In contrast, the second pulse incorporates suitable frequency increments to estimate range and Doppler separately by incorporating the estimated angle information. Monte Carlo simulations validate that the proposed DCFDA-MIMO-based Double Pulse method significantly improves target parameter estimation in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR), and Cramér–Rao lower bound (CRLB) compared to existing array structures.