Estimation of ammonia and methane concentrations in pig barns based on daily activities, physiological parameters and various growth phases of pigs

IF 2.9 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Air Quality Atmosphere and Health Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI:10.1007/s11869-025-01761-0

Nibas Chandra Deb, Jayanta Kumar Basak, Elanchezhian Arulmozhi, Dae Yeong Kang, Niraj Tamrakar, Eun Wan Seo, Sijan Karki, Oluwasegun Moses Ogundele, Junghoo Kook, Myeong Yong Kang, Hyeon Tae Kim

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The continuous increase in ammonia (NH₃) and methane (CH₄) concentrations in pig barns is primarily driven by the expansion of pig farming, which significantly contributes to the increase in greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere. Therefore, this experiment aimed to investigate the NH₃ and CH₄ concentrations based on daily activities, pig physiological parameters such as body mass (BM) and feed intake (FI), and various growing phases of pigs. Two independent experiments were carried out in two pig barns across 2022 and 2023. Both barns were equipped with biological and environmental management sensors (BEMS) and livestock environment management sensors (LEMS) to monitor the pigs’ daily activities, indoor air temperature (IT), relative humidity (IRH), and NH₃ and CH₄ concentrations. The results of the study revealed that BM and FI had a strong positive correlation with NH₃ (r > 0.84 with BM and r ≥ 0.85 with FI) and CH₄ (r > 0.83 with BM and r ≥ 0.81 with FI) concentrations during both study periods. Moreover, it was observed that NH₃ and CH₄ concentrations were lowest in growing phase 1 (G1) and highest in growing phase 4 (G4). Additionally, it was found that the NH₃ and CH₄ concentrations were highest during the morning defecation (7 AM − 8 AM) and lowest during sleeping at night (9 PM– 7 AM) activity time. In conclusion, these findings provide crucial insights into the patterns of NH₃ and CH₄ concentrations in pig barns, which are valuable for improving pig production practices and environmental management strategies.

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基于猪的日常活动、生理参数和不同生长阶段估算猪舍氨和甲烷浓度

猪舍内氨（NH3）和甲烷（CH4）浓度的持续增加主要是由养猪业的扩张所驱动的，这对大气中温室气体（GHG）的增加有重要贡献。因此，本试验旨在根据猪的日活动、猪的体质量（BM）和采食量（FI）等生理参数以及猪的不同生长阶段来研究NH3和CH4浓度。两项独立实验于2022年和2023年在两个猪舍进行。两个猪舍均安装了生物与环境管理传感器（BEMS）和家畜环境管理传感器（LEMS），监测猪的日常活动、室内空气温度（IT）、相对湿度（IRH）以及NH3和CH4浓度。研究结果表明，BM和FI与NH3（与BM相关r >； 0.84，与FI相关r≥0.85）和CH4（与BM相关r >； 0.83，与FI相关r≥0.81）浓度均呈较强的正相关。NH3和CH4浓度在生长1期（G1）最低，在生长4期（G4）最高。此外，NH3和CH4浓度在早上排便（7 AM - 8 AM）时最高，在晚上睡觉（9 PM - 7 AM）活动时间最低。综上所述，这些发现为猪舍内NH3和CH4浓度的变化规律提供了重要的见解，对改进养猪生产实践和环境管理策略具有重要价值。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Air Quality Atmosphere and Health ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-

CiteScore

8.80

自引率

2.00%

发文量

146

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Air Quality, Atmosphere, and Health is a multidisciplinary journal which, by its very name, illustrates the broad range of work it publishes and which focuses on atmospheric consequences of human activities and their implications for human and ecological health. It offers research papers, critical literature reviews and commentaries, as well as special issues devoted to topical subjects or themes. International in scope, the journal presents papers that inform and stimulate a global readership, as the topic addressed are global in their import. Consequently, we do not encourage submission of papers involving local data that relate to local problems. Unless they demonstrate wide applicability, these are better submitted to national or regional journals. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health addresses such topics as acid precipitation; airborne particulate matter; air quality monitoring and management; exposure assessment; risk assessment; indoor air quality; atmospheric chemistry; atmospheric modeling and prediction; air pollution climatology; climate change and air quality; air pollution measurement; atmospheric impact assessment; forest-fire emissions; atmospheric science; greenhouse gases; health and ecological effects; clean air technology; regional and global change and satellite measurements. This journal benefits a diverse audience of researchers, public health officials and policy makers addressing problems that call for solutions based in evidence from atmospheric and exposure assessment scientists, epidemiologists, and risk assessors. Publication in the journal affords the opportunity to reach beyond defined disciplinary niches to this broader readership.