[Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia disorder (2025 edition)].

Abstract

Insomnia disorder is a common sleep disturbance, primarily characterized by difficulties in sleep initiation, sleep maintenance, or early morning awakening, accompanied by impaired daytime functioning. Since the publication of the Chinese Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Insomnia in 2017, classifications and diagnostic criteria for insomnia have evolved, and clinical management protocols have been continuously updated, necessitating guideline revisions to better inform clinical practice. Therefore, the Chinese Sleep Research Society organized domestic experts in relevant fields to develop the Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia disorder (2025 edition) following established clinical practice guideline development methodology. It comprehensively addresses and updates the epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic criteria, clinical assessment, differential diagnosis, and treatment approaches for insomnia, with specific recommendations for special populations (women, older adults, children/adolescents). The guideline establishes 32 evidence-informed recommendations to standardize the clinical management of insomnia disorder.