An Infrared Non-Invasive System for Measuring Blood Glucose: A Primary Study using Serum Samples.

Abstract

Background: Diabetes is a global concern, with an estimated 2 million individuals expected to be affected by the condition by 2024. Non-invasive glucose monitoring devices can greatly enhance patient care and management.

Objective: This study aimed to develop an instrument capable of non-invasively measuring blood glucose levels using an infrared transmitter and receiver, with data processing performed by a dedicated processor.

Material and methods: This analytical study develops a glucometer that incorporates a power supply, a light source, a light detector, a sampler, and signal processing components to enable non-invasive glucose measurements. The instrument was calibrated using sugar solution samples with known glucose concentrations. It was then tested using serum samples from diabetic patients with accuracy, which was evaluated using Clarke's grid analysis.

Results: Testing of the designed glucometer revealed that 83% of the serum samples fell within zone A of Clarke's grid analysis, indicating high accuracy. The remaining 17% of samples were classified in zone B, with no samples falling in zones C, D, or E.

Conclusion: The developed glucometer demonstrated higher accuracy in measuring glucose concentrations above 200 mg/dl. Despite the use of serum samples in this experiment, 83% of the results were located in zone A leads to the capability of non-invasively measuring blood glucose levels. Further studies are required to validate the device's accuracy in a larger population and assess its utility in clinical practice.