Anemia and hematocrit decline in cervical cancer: unveiling clinical consequences and management strategies.

Abstract

Anemia, characterized by a decline in hematocrit (Hct) levels, is a common and significant complication in cervical cancer. It often results from tumor-induced blood loss, chemotherapy, and inflammation. This review explores the clinical implications of anemia and Hct decline in cervical cancer, emphasizing their role in prognosis and treatment. We examine the pathophysiological mechanisms driving these changes, including tumor-associated blood loss and chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression. Additionally, the review highlights the impact of anemia on cancer progression, treatment resistance, and patient quality of life. Declining Hct levels in cervical cancer are associated with worse survival outcomes, reduced chemotherapy efficacy, and increased morbidity. Studies show that low Hct levels correlate with advanced disease stages and higher tumor burden, suggesting their potential as prognostic markers. Anemia in these patients can exacerbate symptoms such as fatigue and weakness, further affecting their overall well-being. The importance of early detection and treatment of anemia is emphasized, with therapies such as erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, iron supplementation, and blood transfusions being commonly employed to manage these changes.