Genetic diversity, prevalence and risk factors of trichomonads from captive non-human primates in China

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Acta tropica Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI:10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107816

Yilei Zhang , Yangfan Li , Jiawei Mi , Jiawen Zhang , Guodong Xiao , Siqi Xiong , Yew Hwong , Shibin Feng , Congshan Yang

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Abstract

Trichomonads are flagellated protozoan parasites, some of which are pathogenic and have zoonotic potential. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, genetic diversity, phylogenetic relationships and risk of trichomonads in captive non-human primates (NHPs) in China. Data on trichomonad prevalence and diversity in captive NHPs are limited. To better understand the prevalence status of trichomonads, fecal samples from 356 NHPs across three zoos in China were collected, including Cercopithecidae (n = 179), Hylobatidae (n = 64), Cebidae (n = 65), Callithrix (n = 48). The ITS-1/5.8S/ITS-2 gene was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to investigate the prevalence rate and species identification of trichomonads. Phylogenetic analysis was then conducted to assess evolutionary relationships and genetic characteristics. A prevalence of 22.19 % (79/356) was observed in NHPs, with younger animals, Cebidae and living condition at higher risk of infection. Six trichomonad species in NHPs were identified, including Tetratrichomonas spp., Honigbergiella spp., Simplicimonas spp., Pentatrichomonas hominis, Hypotrichomonas hampli, and Trichomitus spp. These findings highlight the presence of multiple trichomonads species in NHPs, which may serve as potential sources of zoonotic, and emphasize the necessity of improving health management strategies and strengthening monitoring of zoonotic disease transmission risks within NHP populations.

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中国圈养非人灵长类滴虫遗传多样性、流行及危险因素分析

毛滴虫是有鞭毛的原生动物寄生虫，其中一些是致病性的，具有人畜共患的潜力。本研究旨在调查中国圈养非人灵长类动物毛滴虫的流行情况、遗传多样性、系统发育关系和风险。圈养NHPs中滴虫流行率和多样性的数据有限。为了更好地了解滴虫的流行状况，本研究收集了中国3个动物园356个NHPs的粪便样本，包括蠓科（179只）、蠓科（64只）、蠓科（65只）和滴虫科（48只）。采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增ITS-1/5.8S/ITS-2基因，对滴虫的流行率和种类鉴定进行调查。然后进行系统发育分析，以评估进化关系和遗传特征。NHPs感染率为22.19%(79/356)，其中幼龄动物、Cebidae和生活环境感染风险较高。在NHPs中鉴定出6种滴虫，包括四滴虫属、Honigbergiella属、单纯滴虫属、人五滴虫属、hampli次滴虫属和滴虫属。这些发现强调了国家卫生项目中存在多种毛滴虫，它们可能是人畜共患病的潜在来源，并强调了改进卫生管理策略和加强对国家卫生项目人群中人畜共患病传播风险监测的必要性。

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来源期刊

Acta tropica 医学-寄生虫学

CiteScore

5.40

自引率

11.10%

发文量

383

审稿时长

37 days

期刊介绍： Acta Tropica, is an international journal on infectious diseases that covers public health sciences and biomedical research with particular emphasis on topics relevant to human and animal health in the tropics and the subtropics.