Elastic nozzles reduce the influence of pressure pulses on liquid jets

IF 2.5 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Experiments in Fluids Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI:10.1007/s00348-025-04104-y

MD. Emazuddin Alif, Mackenzie Brogan, Fellah Mohsun, Christopher Williamson, Reagan Barr, Ria Corder, Andrew K. Dickerson

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Abstract

Nozzle characteristics modulate the stability of liquid jets, but their role in jet robustness to external disturbances is understudied. Here we produce jets with thin elastic membranes containing a hole of approximately 500 \(\mu\)m in undeformed diameter. Our softest membranes produce the most stable jets in the Rayleigh and first wind-induced breakup regimes. An externally applied upstream pressure pulse lasting approximately 1 ms momentarily reduces the jet breakup distance and alters morphology. The pressure pulse is generated by the strike of a coil spring against a membrane mounted to the jet relaxation chamber. Softer nozzles and higher jet velocities minimize the disruption to the otherwise steady jet. Linear temporal theory for short nozzles derived using a dilated nozzle diameter well predicts breakup length before and after the pressure pulse. We propose hypothetical states for which our pressure pulse does not affect jet stability. Pressure disturbances initiate morphological changes in the jet, introducing novel phenomena like jet thinning and exit coalescence. Our results demonstrate that nozzle compliance can play a significant role in damping undesirable disturbances.

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弹性喷嘴减小了压力脉冲对液体射流的影响

喷嘴特性调节液体射流的稳定性，但其在射流对外界扰动的鲁棒性中的作用尚未得到充分研究。在这里，我们生产了带有薄弹性膜的射流，其中包含一个未变形直径约为500 \(\mu\) m的孔。我们最柔软的膜产生最稳定的射流在瑞利和第一次风诱导解体制度。外部施加的上游压力脉冲持续约1毫秒，瞬间缩短射流破裂距离并改变形貌。压力脉冲是由线圈弹簧对安装在射流松弛室的膜的冲击产生的。更软的喷嘴和更高的射流速度最大限度地减少了对稳定射流的破坏。利用膨胀喷管直径井建立了短喷管的线性时间理论，预测了压力脉冲前后的破裂长度。我们提出了压力脉冲不影响射流稳定性的假设状态。压力扰动引发了射流的形态变化，引入了射流变薄和出口聚结等新现象。我们的结果表明，喷嘴的顺应性可以在阻尼不良干扰方面发挥重要作用。

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来源期刊

Experiments in Fluids 工程技术-工程：机械

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

12.50%

发文量

157

审稿时长

3.8 months

期刊介绍： Experiments in Fluids examines the advancement, extension, and improvement of new techniques of flow measurement. The journal also publishes contributions that employ existing experimental techniques to gain an understanding of the underlying flow physics in the areas of turbulence, aerodynamics, hydrodynamics, convective heat transfer, combustion, turbomachinery, multi-phase flows, and chemical, biological and geological flows. In addition, readers will find papers that report on investigations combining experimental and analytical/numerical approaches.