Investigation of acid-base indicator and antioxidant properties of beetroot and pomegranate peel extract

Abstract

An investigation into the indicator property of beetroot and pomegranate peel extract has been conducted. To obtain precise and trustworthy results for each of the four types of neutralization titrations such as strong acid (HCl) against strong base (NaOH), strong acid (HCl) against a weak base (NH₄OH), weak acid (CH₃COOH) against strong base (NaOH), and weak acid (CH₃COOH) against weak base (NH₄OH), the extracted pigments were used as an indicator. Monte Carlo (MC) simulation studies confirm the strong interaction between the plant extracted species and water molecules. A variety of analytical techniques was used to describe the green chemicals in the beetroot and pomegranate peel extract species. These techniques included FT-IR spectroscopy, optical profilometer, zeta potential and particle size analyzer. The beetroot and pomegranate peel extract antioxidant activity were also evaluated using the DPPH assay method. Plant extracts naturally contain highly colored substances called pigments, which can alter in response to changes in the pH and it is verified by spectral tests. The beetroot and pomegranate peel extract titrations' equivalency points are nearly identical to or coincide with those of the synthetic indicator (phenolphthalein) across all the titration types. The DPPH test findings demonstrated that the beetroot extract exhibited higher antioxidant activity than the pomegranate peel extract, with an IC50 value of 12. 31 mg/mL compared to 15.10 mg/mL for the pomegranate peel extract. The electron donation property of plant extract species was confirmed by using the DFT approach.