H5N1 influenza virus-like particles based on BEVS induce robust functional antibodies and immune responses

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 VIROLOGY

Virology Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI:10.1016/j.virol.2025.110672

Yongbo Qiao , Mengru Tang , Mo Du , Chen Zhao , Yuan Lv , Junjun Zhou , Ying Liu , Yutian Wang , Shuang Li , Yehong Wu

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Abstract

Avian influenza virus infections pose a potential pandemic threat. The currently licensed vaccines have inherent limitations, emphasizing the urgent need for improved influenza vaccines. Here, we developed a novel hemagglutinin (HA) virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine candidate through the baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS). The engineered VLPs incorporate HA from H5N1 and matrix 1 (M1) protein from H1N1. Comprehensive characterization revealed that purified HA VLPs exhibited morphological fidelity to native influenza virions while maintaining key viral biological properties. Immunization studies in murine models demonstrated the superior immunogenicity of HA VLPs through a prime-boost regimen. Compared to control groups receiving HA monomer or T4-foldon-trimerized HA formulations, VLP-immunized mice showed significantly enhanced humoral responses and robust cellular immunity. This study provides compelling evidence for advancing VLP-based vaccines as a superior alternative to conventional influenza vaccine formulations.

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基于BEVS的H5N1流感病毒样颗粒可诱导强大的功能性抗体和免疫反应

禽流感病毒感染构成潜在的大流行威胁。目前获得许可的疫苗具有固有的局限性，这强调了改进流感疫苗的迫切需要。在此，我们通过杆状病毒表达载体系统（BEVS）开发了一种新的血凝素（HA）病毒样颗粒（VLP）候选疫苗。工程VLPs结合了H5N1的HA和H1N1的基质1 （M1）蛋白。综合表征表明纯化的HA VLPs在保持病毒关键生物学特性的同时表现出与天然流感病毒粒子的形态学保真度。小鼠模型的免疫研究表明，通过初始增强方案，HA VLPs具有优越的免疫原性。与接受HA单体或t4 -折叠三聚体HA制剂的对照组相比，vlp免疫小鼠表现出显著增强的体液反应和强大的细胞免疫。这项研究为推进基于vlp的疫苗作为传统流感疫苗配方的优越替代品提供了令人信服的证据。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Virology 医学-病毒学

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

0.00%

发文量

157

审稿时长

50 days

期刊介绍： Launched in 1955, Virology is a broad and inclusive journal that welcomes submissions on all aspects of virology including plant, animal, microbial and human viruses. The journal publishes basic research as well as pre-clinical and clinical studies of vaccines, anti-viral drugs and their development, anti-viral therapies, and computational studies of virus infections. Any submission that is of broad interest to the community of virologists/vaccinologists and reporting scientifically accurate and valuable research will be considered for publication, including negative findings and multidisciplinary work.Virology is open to reviews, research manuscripts, short communication, registered reports as well as follow-up manuscripts.