{"title":"Nonlinear optoelectronic engine drives monolithic integrated photonic computing","authors":"Sha Zhu, Ning Hua Zhu","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-01970-3","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rapidly growing computational demands of artificial intelligence (AI) and complex optimization tasks are increasingly straining conventional electronic architectures, driving the search for novel, energy-efficient processing paradigms. Photonic computing, which harnesses the unique properties of light to perform computation, has emerged as a compelling alternative. This perspective highlights a key advancement: a versatile nonlinear optoelectronic engine based on integrated photodetectors and micro-ring modulators (PD + MRM). This engine enables crucial functionalities like nonlinear activation and signal relay, forming a core building block for monolithic photonic processors. Its application in integrating optical Ising machines for optimization and optical recurrent neural networks (RNNs) for AI has been examined recently. The PD + MRM unit’s inherent compactness, efficiency, and on-chip reconfigurable nonlinearity address historical photonic computing challenges, signaling a shift towards more versatile and scalable monolithic photonic processors.</p>","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Light-Science & Applications","FirstCategoryId":"1089","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-01970-3","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"OPTICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The rapidly growing computational demands of artificial intelligence (AI) and complex optimization tasks are increasingly straining conventional electronic architectures, driving the search for novel, energy-efficient processing paradigms. Photonic computing, which harnesses the unique properties of light to perform computation, has emerged as a compelling alternative. This perspective highlights a key advancement: a versatile nonlinear optoelectronic engine based on integrated photodetectors and micro-ring modulators (PD + MRM). This engine enables crucial functionalities like nonlinear activation and signal relay, forming a core building block for monolithic photonic processors. Its application in integrating optical Ising machines for optimization and optical recurrent neural networks (RNNs) for AI has been examined recently. The PD + MRM unit’s inherent compactness, efficiency, and on-chip reconfigurable nonlinearity address historical photonic computing challenges, signaling a shift towards more versatile and scalable monolithic photonic processors.