Current Evidence in Immediate Implant Placement and Restoration in Full-Arch Situations: A Narrative Review.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate current surgical and prosthetic concepts in adult patients requiring complete tooth extraction for immediate implant placement and restoration in full-arch situations.

Materials and methods: A narrative review was conducted using a comprehensive search strategy on MEDLINE via PubMed based on the PIO question to identify studies published up to October 2024. Data on treatment strategies, survival and success rates, marginal bone loss (MBL), peri-implant health, patient satisfaction, and quality of life (QoL) were extracted and synthesized.

Results: The review highlighted consistently high implant survival rates exceeding 97% and success rates surpassing 95%, with variability observed based on anatomical factors and patient selection. MBL ranged from 0.29 to 1.48 mm over 1 to 5 years, indicating promising long-term outcomes for immediate approaches. Prosthesis survival rates often exceeded 98% despite mechanical complications, such as veneer fractures and screw loosening. Patient satisfaction and QoL improved significantly. Notable differences were identified in preoperative planning, bone augmentation, and primary stability thresholds.

Conclusions: Immediate implant placement and restoration in full-arch rehabilitation is are reliable and predictable when applied to well-selected patients with appropriate planning. High survival rates and enhanced QoL underscore the potential benefits of this approach. However, challenges such as mechanical complications and MBL necessitate further research to optimize protocols and expand applicability to higher-risk populations.