Association between Renal Function and the Incidence of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes 1 Year After the First Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, with substantial social and economic impacts. These conditions are frequently associated with comorbidities, including renal dysfunction.

Objectives: To evaluate the association between creatinine clearance and the incidence of cardiovascular outcomes within 1 year in patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods: This prospective cohort study included patients hospitalized for their first AMI. Creatinine clearance was assessed in relation to cardiovascular outcomes, including recurrent AMI, stroke, and cardiovascular death. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: A total of 1,324 patients were analyzed, with a mean age of 60.9 ± 11.4 years; 67.4% were male. Creatinine clearance <60 mL/min was significantly associated with systemic arterial hypertension (79.6% vs. 55.1%, p<0.001), diabetes mellitus (40.8% vs. 24.5%, p<0.001), and dyslipidemia (38.8% vs. 31.4%, p=0.043). Higher creatinine clearance values were associated with a reduced risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at 1 year (HR: 0.992; 95% CI: 0.984-0.999; p=0.030). Additionally, higher clearance was linked to lower overall mortality (HR: 0.984; 95% CI: 0.970-0.998; p=0.021).

Conclusion: Higher creatinine clearance values are associated with a lower hazard ratio for MACE and overall mortality within 1 year following AMI.