Glucose and insulin responses following streptozotocin administration for the induction of a type 1 diabetes mellitus model in Microminipig.

Abstract

We aimed to establish a streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) model in Microminipigs. Initially, a dose of 150 mg/kg streptozotocin was tested, and pigs exhibited characteristic triphasic patterns in glycemic responses: phase 1 (transient hyperglycemia), phase 2 (hypoglycemia), and phase 3 (sustained hyperglycemia). Blood glucose concentrations showed a transient increase in phase 1, and then dropped sharply in phase 2. Based on these findings, we conducted a follow-up study using a reduced streptozotocin dose of 125 mg/kg. This group exhibited glucose dynamics similar to those observed in the 150 mg/kg group, showing glucose reductions and mild lethargy. In phase 3, both groups developed sustained hyperglycemia with negligible insulin secretion, confirming the successful establishment of a type 1 DM model.