Executive functioning difficulties in relation to food addiction, disordered eating attitudes, and metabolic syndrome markers among adolescents seeking obesity treatment: a cross-sectional analysis.
Sarper İçen, Yasemin Taş Torun, Esra Döğer, Hesna Gül
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Executive functioning (EF) difficulties may play a significant role in the vicious cycle of overeating and metabolic disturbances. We aimed to investigate the correlates of EF difficulties in terms of food addiction symptoms, eating attitudes, and metabolic syndrome markers among adolescents seeking obesity treatment.
Methods: Thirty-five adolescents seeking obesity treatment were included. Executive functioning difficulties were assessed using both performance tasks (i.e. Stroop's task and Cancellation task) and parent reports on the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF). Other measurements included adolescent self-reports of food addiction symptoms on the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) and eating attitudes on the Eating Attitudes Test-40 (EAT-40).
Results: The mean total symptom score was 4.66 (± 1.45) on the YFAS. The most commonly endorsed symptoms were 'Repeated unsuccessful attempts to stop or decrease food consumption' in 94.3% (N = 32), 'Tolerance to the same amount of certain foods and consuming increasing amounts' in 80.0% (N = 28), and 'Continuing to eat despite knowing the negative consequences' in 77.1% (N = 27) of the sample. 48.6% of the adolescents with obesity (N = 17) met the criteria for diagnostic evaluation threshold according to YFAS, which was related to worse performance in Stroop Task and parent-reported difficulties in Emotional Control (p < .05 for both). Food addiction symptoms had differences in correlations with EF difficulties. "Eating for longer durations and higher amounts than intended" was related to difficulties in Emotional Control and Working Memory (p < .05 for both). "Continuing to eat despite knowing the negative consequences" was associated with difficulties in Shift, Emotional Control, Initiate, Plan/Organize, and Organization of Materials (p < .05 for all). Dieting was the only disordered eating attitude significantly correlated with EF difficulties. Specifically, less endorsement of dieting was correlated with difficulties in Inhibit and Working Memory (p < .05). Moreover, executive functioning difficulties were related to increased body mass index and waist circumference, in addition to worse metabolic parameters including fasting blood glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, and blood pressure measurements.
Conclusion: Our study points out that specific EF difficulties were related to food addiction symptoms, dieting, and metabolic syndrome markers among adolescents with obesity. Further studies are needed to with larger and more diverse samples.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Eating Disorders is the first open access, peer-reviewed journal publishing leading research in the science and clinical practice of eating disorders. It disseminates research that provides answers to the important issues and key challenges in the field of eating disorders and to facilitate translation of evidence into practice.
The journal publishes research on all aspects of eating disorders namely their epidemiology, nature, determinants, neurobiology, prevention, treatment and outcomes. The scope includes, but is not limited to anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder and other eating disorders. Related areas such as important co-morbidities, obesity, body image, appetite, food and eating are also included. Articles about research methodology and assessment are welcomed where they advance the field of eating disorders.