Why psychedelic-assisted therapy studies in eating disorders risk missing the mark on outcomes: a phenomenological psychopathology perspective.

IF 4.5 3区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Elena Koning, Riccardo Miceli McMillan, Aaron Keshen, Phillipa Hay, Anthony Vincent Fernandez, Jack Reynolds, Stephen Touyz
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Abstract

Psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) is an emerging intervention in psychiatry, for which there is preliminary evidence for effectiveness in eating disorders (EDs). The subjective psychedelic experience is considered an important driver of positive outcomes following PAT; however, conventional study design approaches often overlook many of the nuances inherent to the experience. Consequently, considerable information is lost between the first-person account and its scientific interpretation and documentation. Phenomenology-a philosophical and empirical approach to studying lived experience-offers tools to assess and understand the experiential mechanisms of PAT. This commentary advances the case for a phenomenological approach to PAT research in EDs, focusing on key domains of experience that underlie both ED psychopathology and psychedelic experiences, including embodiment, intersubjectivity, affectivity, temporality, spatiality and selfhood. We define and outline these phenomenological domains of EDs and psychedelic experiences and critically examine current measurement approaches. Following, we provide specific research recommendations, including phenomenologically grounded qualitative research and microphenomenology (i.e., the assessment of short-lived, pre-conscious experiences), to more fully capture psychedelic experiences and determine their significance for ED outcomes. The application of phenomenology to the PAT study design may contribute to a better understanding of how individuals experience PAT and generate testable hypotheses to advance psychedelic interventions.

为什么在饮食失调的致幻剂辅助治疗研究中有失去结果的风险:现象学精神病理学的观点。
迷幻辅助治疗(PAT)是一种新兴的精神病学干预手段,有初步证据表明其对饮食失调(EDs)有效。主观迷幻体验被认为是PAT后积极结果的重要驱动因素;然而,传统的研究设计方法往往忽略了体验中固有的许多细微差别。因此,在第一人称叙述及其科学解释和文件之间丢失了大量信息。现象学——一种研究生活经验的哲学和实证方法——为评估和理解PAT的经验机制提供了工具。这篇评论提出了一种现象学方法来研究ED中的PAT,重点关注ED精神病理学和迷幻体验的关键经验领域,包括具体化、主体间性、情感、时间性、空间性和自我。我们定义和概述了这些现象学领域的EDs和迷幻体验和批判性地检查当前的测量方法。接下来,我们提供了具体的研究建议,包括基于现象学的定性研究和微观现象学(即对短暂的、前意识体验的评估),以更全面地捕捉迷幻体验并确定其对ED结果的重要性。现象学在PAT研究设计中的应用可能有助于更好地理解个体如何经历PAT,并产生可验证的假设,以推进迷幻干预。
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来源期刊
Journal of Eating Disorders
Journal of Eating Disorders Neuroscience-Behavioral Neuroscience
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
17.10%
发文量
161
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Eating Disorders is the first open access, peer-reviewed journal publishing leading research in the science and clinical practice of eating disorders. It disseminates research that provides answers to the important issues and key challenges in the field of eating disorders and to facilitate translation of evidence into practice. The journal publishes research on all aspects of eating disorders namely their epidemiology, nature, determinants, neurobiology, prevention, treatment and outcomes. The scope includes, but is not limited to anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder and other eating disorders. Related areas such as important co-morbidities, obesity, body image, appetite, food and eating are also included. Articles about research methodology and assessment are welcomed where they advance the field of eating disorders.
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