Wrist extensor fatigue and game-genre-specific kinematic changes in esports athletes: a quasi-experimental study.

IF 2.8 3区 医学 Q1 REHABILITATION
Chuck Tholl, Lasse Hansen, Ingo Froböse
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Muscular fatigue critically affects health, performance, and safety in daily activities and sports. Esports or competitive gaming involves prolonged sitting and repetitive upper extremity movements, increasing the risk of muscular fatigue. Sustained activity may contribute to long-term musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). Despite this risk, biomechanical analyses in esports remain limited. This study examines muscular fatigue and wrist kinematics in esports athletes across different video game genres.

Methods: Thirty-two healthy male esports athletes (23.8 ± 3.4 years) participated in two 90-120-minute competitive video gaming sessions, separated by a 10-minute passive sitting break. Surface electromyography (EMG) of the upper trapezius and wrist extensors, as well as wrist kinematics, were recorded. The median frequency (MDF) and root mean square (RMS) were used to quantify muscular fatigue. Statistical analyses included mixed ANOVA, one-way repeated measures ANOVA, and robust ANOVA with Bonferroni correction.

Results: Repeated measures ANOVA indicated significant decreases in the MDF and RMS of the wrist extensors over time (p < 0.001). For the upper trapezius, only the right-side MDF showed a significant decrease over time; however, post-hoc analysis did not confirm this effect. Mixed ANOVA revealed no interaction between time and video game genre on kinematic data. First-person shooter players exhibited significantly greater cumulative distances (p = 0.006) and velocity zero-crossings (p = 0.043) than multiplayer online battle arena players in robust ANOVA.

Conclusions: The findings indicate a progressive increase in wrist extensor fatigue over time, whereas wrist kinematics vary by video game genre but remain unaffected by time. The lack of neuromuscular recovery post-break suggests the potential for cumulative muscular fatigue. These repetitive loads could increase the risk of MSD. Therefore, implementing preventive training strategies and regular active breaks may help mitigate these effects in esports athletes.

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电子竞技运动员的腕伸肌疲劳和特定游戏类型的运动学变化:一项准实验研究。
背景:肌肉疲劳严重影响日常活动和运动中的健康、表现和安全。电子竞技或竞技游戏需要长时间坐着和重复上肢运动,增加肌肉疲劳的风险。持续运动可能导致长期的肌肉骨骼疾病(MSD)。尽管存在这种风险,电子竞技中的生物力学分析仍然有限。本研究考察了不同类型电子竞技运动员的肌肉疲劳和手腕运动学。方法:32名健康男性电子竞技运动员(23.8±3.4岁)参加两次90-120分钟的竞技视频游戏,中间间隔10分钟的被动坐着休息。记录上斜方肌和腕伸肌的表面肌电图(EMG)以及腕关节的运动学。使用中位数频率(MDF)和均方根(RMS)来量化肌肉疲劳。统计分析包括混合方差分析、单向重复测量方差分析和Bonferroni校正的稳健方差分析。结果:重复测量方差分析表明,随着时间的推移,腕伸肌的MDF和RMS显著降低(p)。结论:研究结果表明,腕伸肌疲劳随着时间的推移而逐渐增加,而腕关节运动学因电子游戏类型而异,但不受时间的影响。休息后缺乏神经肌肉恢复表明累积性肌肉疲劳的可能性。这些重复的负荷会增加MSD的风险。因此,实施预防性训练策略和定期的积极休息可能有助于减轻电子竞技运动员的这些影响。
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来源期刊
BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation
BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine-Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
5.30%
发文量
196
审稿时长
26 weeks
期刊介绍: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation is an open access, peer reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of sports medicine and the exercise sciences, including rehabilitation, traumatology, cardiology, physiology, and nutrition.
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