Educational interventions on falls and fracture prevention in community dwelling older adults: a scoping review.

Abstract

This scoping review aims to identify and summarize the content, duration, main outcomes, and benefits of educational interventions for fracture and fall prevention in community-dwelling older adults. Following JBI methodology and PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted in MEDLINE, Cochrane, JMED Plus J, EMBASE, and Igaku Chuo Zasshi for studies published in English and Japanese over the past ten years. Eligible studies included RCTs, quasi-experimental studies, observational studies, and systematic reviews. Twenty-eight studies were analyzed, with interventions delivered via lectures, personalized guidance, group discussions, peer education, and online platforms. Durations ranged from single sessions (30-90 min) to multi-week programs (1-12 weeks). While most studies improved fall prevention knowledge and behaviors, few assessed bone mineral density, and no significant changes were observed. Support from professionals, group discussion among participants, and peer educators may play a crucial role in the effectiveness of educational interventions. While many studies have implemented one-time lectures or training sessions, their long-term effects remain uncertain. Future research should focus on standardizing assessment methods, determining the optimal intervention duration, and integrating education with physical exercise and medical treatment to develop sustainable, evidence-based prevention programs.