Evaluation of knowledge, attitude, and response regarding transfusion-transmitted infections in blood donors sero-reactive for viral markers during postdonation counselling as an attempt to identify and bridge the gaps in the blood donation process.

Abstract

Background: Donor notification and counseling have been mandated by the Indian action plan for blood safety to facilitate the early diagnosis and subsequent management of sero-reactive blood donors as well as to prevent the spread of infection through subsequent blood donations. This retrospective and questionnaire-based study was conducted with the aim of understanding the level of knowledge, difference in attitudes, and pattern of responses of sero-reactive blood donors which could aid in designing of clear and unambiguous donor educational program as well as enhance the effectiveness of donor selection procedures. Furthermore, the rates of donors' response to notification and compliance to clinical referral were assessed to find the areas which require improvement.

Methods: Blood donors sero-reactive for viral markers were notified and subjected to postdonation counselling and were asked questions to assess their knowledge, attitude, and response. Retrospective analysis of data of 5 years was done. Donors were followed up by enquiring their status 6 months' postreferral.

Results: Of the 1991 repeat reactive blood donors, 1256 (63.08%) responded for counseling and referral. Long distance and busy schedule were the most common reasons for nonresponse. Lack of privacy and lack of understanding were the main reason for nondisclosure of pertinent information by blood donors. On follow-up, 634 (50.48%) of those counseled actually visited the prescribed referral center.

Conclusion: Donor counseling should be done by a trained counselor ensuring an understanding of the importance of transfusion-transmitted infection transmission. Donors should be informed about high-risk behavior and self-exclusion should be facilitated.