[Targeted bone regeneration in the treatment of patients with chronic generalized periodontitis].

Abstract

Objective: To determine the volume of augmentation necessary for adequate replacement of the alveolar bone defect in chronic generalized periodontitis, considering the dynamics of changes in the physical properties of its components in the postoperative period.

Material and methods: The study analyzed the results of surgical treatment of 197 patients with chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity. In the main group (n=97), treatment was performed using the author's method for determining the volume of an osteogenic graft; In the control group (n=100), the required volume of augmentation was determined by previously known methods. To repair the defects of the alveolar bone in the patients of the main group, we used our proposed multicomponent osteogenic graft with the calculation of the volume of fractions of granular material according to the coefficient of natural compaction and the coefficient of saturation with liquid to prevent uncontrolled changes in the shape and volume of the graft in the recipient's bed in the postoperative period. The dynamics of graft biotransformation was analyzed using cone beam computed tomography.

Results: Clinical observations have shown that the proposed technique makes it possible to restore the volume of alveolar bone in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis and optimize peripheral and distant osteogenesis in regeneration.

Conclusion: The algorithm for determining the required amount of osteoplastic material makes it possible to prevent uncontrolled changes in the volume of the graft in the postoperative period, ensures optimal clinical outcome, reduces the risk of complications and improves the patient's quality of life.