Canine Spotted Fever Group Rickettsial Seroprevalence as an Indicator for Human Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Case Rates in Arizona, USA.

IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Alec Oliva, Rachael Kreisler, Andrea Romkema, Soren Madsen, Haley Furman, Christopher Maag, Charles Schaefer, Jose A Hernandez, Jung Keun Lee, Michael Quinlan, John VandenBrooks
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Abstract

Introduction: Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), a rapidly progressing febrile disease caused by the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii, is the deadliest tick-borne disease in the world. Human infection initially results in non-specific symptoms and, if untreated, can result in death in up to 35% of cases. Rhipicephalus sanguineus (brown dog tick) was discovered to spread RMSF in Arizona and Northern Mexico in the early 2000s, and the disease is now considered endemic in areas of the Southwestern United States. This study investigates the relationship between canine spotted fever group rickettsial (SFGR) seroprevalence and human RMSF case rates in Arizona.

Methods: Canine serum samples were opportunistically collected from 12 counties in Arizona between February 2018 and November 2022. Immunofluorescence assays were employed to determine the anti-SFGR antibody titers in each of the samples, with dilutions ≥ 1:64 considered positive. An exponential nonlinear regression was used to determine the association between canine SFGR seroprevalence and human RMSF case rates per 100,000 as reported by the Arizona Department of Health Services.

Results: Of the 423 dogs sampled, 21% (89/423) were found to be positive for anti-SFGR antibodies. Eight of the 12 counties had seropositive dogs. Geometric mean titers ranged from 64 to 464, with a median of 179. A nonlinear regression model demonstrated a strong association between canine SFGR seropositivity and human RMSF case rates, with the best-fitting model employing RMSF case rates lagged by 1 year. A similar model also showed a significant association between canine SFGR geometric mean titers and RMSF case rates.

Conclusion: Canine SFGR seroprevalence correlates with human RMSF case rates, with RMSF risk rising exponentially as canine SFGR seroprevalence increases. This lends support to the potential use of canine SFGR serology as an epidemiological tool for forecasting RMSF.

犬斑疹热组立克次体血清阳性率作为美国亚利桑那州落基山斑疹热病例率的指标。
落基山斑疹热(RMSF)是由细菌立克次体立克次体引起的一种迅速发展的发热疾病,是世界上最致命的蜱传疾病。人类感染最初会导致非特异性症状,如果不治疗,可导致高达35%的病例死亡。21世纪初,在亚利桑那州和墨西哥北部发现了传播RMSF的血蜱(棕色狗蜱),现在该疾病被认为是美国西南部地区的地方病。本研究调查了亚利桑那州犬斑点热组立克次体(SFGR)血清阳性率与人类RMSF病例率之间的关系。方法:2018年2月至2022年11月,在亚利桑那州12个县随机采集犬血清样本。采用免疫荧光法测定每个样品的抗sfgr抗体滴度,稀释度≥1:64为阳性。指数非线性回归用于确定犬SFGR血清患病率和人类RMSF病例率之间的关系,每10万人报告的亚利桑那州卫生服务部门。结果:在423只犬中,有21%(89/423)检测到sfgr抗体阳性。12个县中有8个县犬血清呈阳性。几何平均滴度范围为64 ~ 464,中位数为179。非线性回归模型显示犬SFGR血清阳性与人类RMSF病例率之间存在很强的相关性,使用RMSF病例率滞后1年的最佳拟合模型。类似的模型也显示犬SFGR几何平均滴度与RMSF病例率之间存在显着关联。结论:犬SFGR血清阳性率与人类RMSF发病率相关,随着犬SFGR血清阳性率的升高,RMSF发病风险呈指数增长。这为犬SFGR血清学作为预测RMSF的流行病学工具提供了潜在的支持。
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来源期刊
Zoonoses and Public Health
Zoonoses and Public Health 医学-传染病学
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
4.20%
发文量
115
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Zoonoses and Public Health brings together veterinary and human health researchers and policy-makers by providing a venue for publishing integrated and global approaches to zoonoses and public health. The Editors will consider papers that focus on timely collaborative and multi-disciplinary research in zoonoses and public health. This journal provides rapid publication of original papers, reviews, and potential discussion papers embracing this collaborative spirit. Papers should advance the scientific knowledge of the sources, transmission, prevention and control of zoonoses and be authored by scientists with expertise in areas such as microbiology, virology, parasitology and epidemiology. Articles that incorporate recent data into new methods, applications, or approaches (e.g. statistical modeling) which enhance public health are strongly encouraged.
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