Impact of gardenia extract on coagulation function in rats with acute myocardial ischemia model.

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of gardenia extract (GE) on coagulation function in a rat model of acute myocardial ischemia (AMI).

Methods: Healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups: Sham, AMI, GE-L (low-dose GE), GE-M (medium-dose GE), and GE-H (high-dose GE). Two weeks later, echocardiography was performed to assess cardiac function, including left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), and left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD). Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and TUNEL staining were implemented to observe myocardial pathological changes and apoptosis, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to measure serum levels of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress markers. Coagulation function was evaluated using an automatic coagulation analyzer, with parameters including prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time ratio (PTR), international normalized ratio (INR), and fibrinogen level (FIB).

Results: Compared with the Sham group, the AMI group exhibited myocardial injury, coagulation dysfunction, impaired cardiac function, and significantly increased levels of inflammation, oxidative stress, and PTR. In contrast, all GE dose groups showed elevated TT, PT, FIB, and INR compared to the AMI group.

Conclusion: GE can reverse the cardiac function, inflammatory and oxidative stress indicators, as well as coagulation function in AMI model rats, thereby improving AMI.