{"title":"Statistical analysis of residual chlorine distribution in Binh Tan District's water network: insights for urban water management.","authors":"Begmyrat Kulmedov, Emre Eroglu, Nguyen Huy Cuong, Tran Van Loi, Nguyen Hoan Phuong Thy","doi":"10.1098/rsos.251068","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the water distribution system in Binh Tan District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, focusing on residual chlorine levels across seven sampling points. Chlorine decay patterns and relationships between sampling points were investigated using statistical analyses, including reliability testing, correlation analysis, factor analysis and regression modelling. The study identified three principal components that explained 92.558% of the total variance, with strong correlations between specific sampling points. Five regression models were developed, which demonstrated high predictive power (<i>R</i>² ranging from 0.750 to 0.962) and reliability (Cronbach's alpha 0.749-0.967). Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed distinct groupings of sampling points, providing insight into the spatial patterns of chlorine distribution. These findings not only provide insights into water quality management but also offer a transferable modelling framework for optimizing monitoring and chlorination strategies in other urban distribution systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":21525,"journal":{"name":"Royal Society Open Science","volume":"12 8","pages":"251068"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12365348/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Royal Society Open Science","FirstCategoryId":"103","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.251068","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/8/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This study examined the water distribution system in Binh Tan District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, focusing on residual chlorine levels across seven sampling points. Chlorine decay patterns and relationships between sampling points were investigated using statistical analyses, including reliability testing, correlation analysis, factor analysis and regression modelling. The study identified three principal components that explained 92.558% of the total variance, with strong correlations between specific sampling points. Five regression models were developed, which demonstrated high predictive power (R² ranging from 0.750 to 0.962) and reliability (Cronbach's alpha 0.749-0.967). Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed distinct groupings of sampling points, providing insight into the spatial patterns of chlorine distribution. These findings not only provide insights into water quality management but also offer a transferable modelling framework for optimizing monitoring and chlorination strategies in other urban distribution systems.
期刊介绍:
Royal Society Open Science is a new open journal publishing high-quality original research across the entire range of science on the basis of objective peer-review.
The journal covers the entire range of science and mathematics and will allow the Society to publish all the high-quality work it receives without the usual restrictions on scope, length or impact.