Harnessing Natural Compounds in Psoriasis: Targeting Cellular Pathways for Effective Therapy.

Abstract

Psoriasis is a persistent inflammatory dermatological condition, predominantly influenced by genetic factors, immune system dysfunction, and environmental stimuli. It presents as red papules and silvery-white scales, resulting in physical discomfort and contributing to various comorbidities, including mental health disorders, arthritis, and cardiovascular complications, which collectively impose considerable medical and socioeconomic burdens. Conventional treatments, such as immunosuppressants and biologics, may alleviate symptoms but frequently entail significant side effects and the potential for dependency. This review evaluates the therapeutic potential of natural compounds, emphasizing their capacity to influence critical cellular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Natural compounds exhibit anti-inflammatory, keratinocyte-regulating, and antioxidant properties, influencing mechanisms like the Th17/IL-17 axis and oxidative stress. The results indicate that natural compounds may function as an adjunctive treatment, providing a safer alternative to existing therapies by mitigating side effects and improving symptom management.