Molecular interplay of ARID1A in gastrointestinal cancers.

IF 3.5 4区 医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY
Alina Athar, Ejaj Ahmad, Pinki Bera, Md Abu Nasar, Khalid Imtiyaz, Mohammad Moshahid Alam Rizvi, Sundeep Singh Saluja
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Abstract

ARID1A is a subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex that plays a dual role in cancer biology as a tumor suppressor or an oncogene dependent on the cellular context. It is frequently found to be altered in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers esophageal, gastric, hepatocellular, pancreatic and colorectal carcinomas. With approximate mutation rates of 19-20% in gastric and colorectal cancers and up to 10% across all tumors. ARID1A regulates gene expression, genomic stability, and major oncogenic pathways like PI3K/AKT and YAP/TAZ. Its loss has been associated with poor prognosis, increased tumor aggressiveness and pronounced resistance to treatment. In gastric carcinoma, the lack of ARID1A correlates with enhanced tumor invasiveness, poor survival, and immune checkpoint expression offering therapeutic interventions with PARP inhibitors and advanced immunotherapies. Similarly in colorectal cancer, ARID1A alterations are related to microsatellite instability (MSI), affecting tumor behavior and immune responses. In contrast, hepatocellular carcinoma in the absence of ARID1A promotes angiogenesis and tumor progression, while pancreatic cancer displays its role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis by YAP/TAZ pathway activation. Moreover, miRNA-mediated regulation of ARID1A modulates tumor progression and provides resistance to treatment, for instance, miR-129-5p and miR-3613-3p have been implicated in prognosis. Alongside genetic and molecular studies, our bioinformatics analyses reveal considerable heterogeneity in ARID1A mutational signatures and expression across GI cancers, underscoring its stage-specific prognostic and therapeutic implications. The coexistence of truncating and missense variants further highlights the need for mechanistic validation, and integrative pathway analysis to identify synthetic lethal targets and improve the therapeutic strategies. Integrating ARID1A into precision oncology is a promising approach for improving the diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment modalities for patients with ARID1A-deficient cancers.

ARID1A在胃肠道癌症中的分子相互作用。
ARID1A是SWI/SNF染色质重塑复合体的一个亚基,在癌症生物学中作为肿瘤抑制因子或依赖于细胞环境的致癌基因发挥双重作用。在食道癌、胃癌、肝细胞癌、胰腺癌和结直肠癌等胃肠道(GI)癌症中,它经常被发现发生改变。胃癌和结直肠癌的突变率约为19-20%所有肿瘤的突变率高达10%ARID1A调节基因表达、基因组稳定性和PI3K/AKT和YAP/TAZ等主要致癌途径。它的丧失与预后不良、肿瘤侵袭性增加和明显的治疗耐药性有关。在胃癌中,ARID1A的缺乏与肿瘤侵袭性增强、生存率差和免疫检查点表达相关,因此可以使用PARP抑制剂和先进的免疫疗法进行治疗干预。类似地,在结直肠癌中,ARID1A的改变与微卫星不稳定性(MSI)有关,影响肿瘤行为和免疫反应。相反,缺乏ARID1A的肝细胞癌促进血管生成和肿瘤进展,而胰腺癌通过YAP/TAZ通路激活在上皮-间质转化(EMT)和转移中发挥作用。此外,mirna介导的ARID1A调节肿瘤进展并提供对治疗的抗性,例如,miR-129-5p和miR-3613-3p与预后有关。除了遗传和分子研究外,我们的生物信息学分析揭示了ARID1A突变特征和表达在胃肠道癌症中的相当大的异质性,强调了其分期特异性预后和治疗意义。截断和错义变异的共存进一步强调了机制验证和综合途径分析的必要性,以确定合成致死靶点并改进治疗策略。将ARID1A整合到精确肿瘤学中是改善ARID1A缺陷癌症患者的诊断、预后和治疗方式的一种有希望的方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Medical Oncology
Medical Oncology 医学-肿瘤学
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
2.90%
发文量
259
审稿时长
1.4 months
期刊介绍: Medical Oncology (MO) communicates the results of clinical and experimental research in oncology and hematology, particularly experimental therapeutics within the fields of immunotherapy and chemotherapy. It also provides state-of-the-art reviews on clinical and experimental therapies. Topics covered include immunobiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of malignant tumors.
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