Treatment Strategies for Patients with Mitral Regurgitation: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Abstract

Background: Several treatment strategies are available for patients with mitral valve regurgitation (MR). However, evidence regarding their comparative effectiveness remains limited. We sought to compare the performance of different treatment strategies for personalized treatment of patients with MR. Methods: We performed a pairwise and network meta-analyses of randomized trials comparing treatment strategies for patients with MR. Patients were divided in two groups: transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVR, including edge-to-edge repair and indirect percutaneous annuloplasty) and control (surgery or optimal medical therapy). The primary outcome of this analysis was all-cause death. Main secondary outcomes were re-hospitalization for heart failure and re-intervention. Results: A total of seven trials with 2324 participants, with mainly functional MR (TMVR, n = 1373-control, n = 951) were available for the quantitative synthesis. The median follow-up duration was 14 months. Compared to control therapy, TMVR significantly reduced all-cause death (RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.65-0.91, p = 0.002) and re-hospitalization for heart failure (RR 0.67, 95% CI 0.49-0.91, p = 0.01). Among TMVR strategies, the edge-to-edge repair with MitraClip ranked as possibly the best option to reduce all-cause death. Conclusions: In symptomatic patients with significant MR, TMVR is associated with a significant reduction of all-cause death, and re-hospitalization for heart failure, mainly in patients with functional MR. Additional comparative studies are needed to investigate the best TMVR treatment option, for patients with degenerative MR.