Parents' knowledge and awareness of physiological genu varum in Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Genu varum is one of the most common lower limb musculoskeletal variations observed in Saudi Arabia. Understanding parents' knowledge and perceptions of genu varum is essential for identifying gaps in awareness and improving early recognition and management through targeted educational interventions. This study aimed to assess the level of parental knowledge and awareness regarding physiological genu varum in Saudi Arabia. A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted among Saudi parents aged 18 years or older. Data were collected electronically via Google Forms, ensuring anonymity. The questionnaire, disseminated through various social media platforms, consisted of three sections: demographic information, general knowledge of genu varum, and awareness of physiological genu varum. A total of 1,222 respondents participated, with the majority being female (70.2%). Overall, 52.2% of parents demonstrated poor knowledge, while 47.8% had good knowledge of the condition. Parental knowledge was significantly associated with region, marital status, and having a child diagnosed with genu varum. In contrast, gender, age, income level, and nationality showed no significant influence. The current study revealed that approximately half of the surveyed parents demonstrated adequate knowledge about genu varum, particularly its physiological form and potential consequences. Higher knowledge was associated with being married and having a child with genu varum.