How Does Physical Activity Affect the Mental Health of Adults with Intellectual Disability? A Cross-Sectional Study Analyzing the Complex Interplay Between Variables.

IF 2.5 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES
Tommaso Piva, Andrea Raisi, Valentina Zerbini, Sabrina Masotti, Erica Menegatti, Alessandro Grande, Giovanni Grazzi, Gianni Mazzoni, Emilio Paolo Visintin, Martino Belvederi Murri, Simona Mandini
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Abstract

Background: Individuals with intellectual disability face an increased risk of mental health issues compared to the general population. Despite the proven efficacy of physical activity (PA) in improving anxiety and depression in the general population, little is known about this relationship in adults with intellectual disability and the factors that influence it. The purpose of the study was to determine whether a correlation exists between PA and perceived levels of anxiety and depression, and assess gender disparities in PA and mental health. Method: People with intellectual disability were recruited from day centers and sports events. The amount of PA was evaluated through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Perceived mental health was assessed through the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety (ZAS) and Depression Scale (ZDS). Results: In total, 99 adults (34 females, aged 33 ± 12) participated in the study. A gender disparity was found in anxiety levels, while depression, PA, and type of sport participation did not differ between males and females. Multiple regression analysis highlights how the depression score was significantly predicted by gender (β = -3.57, p = 0.015), intellectual disability level (β =-3.08, p < 0.008), and PA (β =-0.10, p= 0.001), while anxiety was influenced by gender (β = -4.48, p = 0.003) and intellectual disability level (β = -3.23, p = 0.007). Conclusions: These findings underscore the relevance of physical activity as a factor associated with lower depressive symptoms in adults with intellectual disability, highlighting its potential role in mental health promotion within this population.

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体育活动如何影响智力残疾成人的心理健康?分析变量间复杂相互作用的横断面研究。
背景:与一般人群相比,智力残疾个体面临着更高的心理健康问题风险。尽管体育活动(PA)在改善普通人群的焦虑和抑郁方面已被证实有效,但对智力残疾成人的这种关系及其影响因素知之甚少。本研究的目的是确定PA与焦虑和抑郁感知水平之间是否存在相关性,并评估PA与心理健康的性别差异。方法:从日托中心和体育项目中招募智障人士。通过国际身体活动问卷评估PA的数量。通过Zung焦虑自评量表(ZAS)和抑郁量表(ZDS)评估心理健康状况。结果:共99名成人参与研究,其中女性34名,年龄33±12岁。焦虑水平存在性别差异,而抑郁、PA和运动参与类型在男性和女性之间没有差异。多元回归分析显示,抑郁得分受性别(β = -3.57, p= 0.015)、智力残疾水平(β =-3.08, p < 0.008)和PA (β =-0.10, p= 0.001)的显著预测,焦虑得分受性别(β = -4.48, p= 0.003)和智力残疾水平(β = -3.23, p= 0.007)的显著影响。结论:这些发现强调了体力活动作为智力残疾成人抑郁症状减轻的一个相关因素的相关性,强调了体力活动在这一人群中促进心理健康的潜在作用。
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来源期刊
Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology
Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology Health Professions-Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
94
审稿时长
12 weeks
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