Prevalence and Risk Factors of Asthma in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 ALLERGY
Li Yin, Feifei Zhang, Xue Wang, Mimi Gao, Anna Liu, Fang Li
{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Asthma in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Li Yin, Feifei Zhang, Xue Wang, Mimi Gao, Anna Liu, Fang Li","doi":"10.1080/02770903.2025.2552749","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study aims to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of asthma in children through a meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases were comprehensively retrieved for studies on the prevalence and risk factors of childhood asthma (CA) published between January 1, 2015, and July 8, 2024. Studies were screened and selected based on predefined eligibility criteria, and pertinent data were extracted. The quality of eligible studies was evaluated through the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Statistical analyses were undertaken via Stata 16 and R 4.4.1.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>45 studies comprising 647,414 participants were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pooled prevalence of CA was 11.9% (95% CI: 8.8-15.8%). The meta-analysis identified several risk factors for CA, including prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) (OR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.80-0.98, P = 0.021), prenatal exposure to acid-suppressive medications (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.04-1.19, P = 0.002), maternal folic acid supplementation during pregnancy (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.10-1.27, <i>p</i> < 0.001), as well as <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection in childhood (OR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.35-3.15, <i>p</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence rate of asthma among children was approximately 11.9%. Prenatal exposure to PFAS and acid-suppressive medications, <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection in childhood were proved to be risk factors for asthma. Folic acid supplementation during pregnancy is positively associated with a reduced risk of asthma in children. Further large-scale prospective research is warranted to unveil the roles and significance of these factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":15076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Asthma","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02770903.2025.2552749","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ALLERGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of asthma in children through a meta-analysis.

Data sources: The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases were comprehensively retrieved for studies on the prevalence and risk factors of childhood asthma (CA) published between January 1, 2015, and July 8, 2024. Studies were screened and selected based on predefined eligibility criteria, and pertinent data were extracted. The quality of eligible studies was evaluated through the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Statistical analyses were undertaken via Stata 16 and R 4.4.1.

Study selection: 45 studies comprising 647,414 participants were included.

Results: The pooled prevalence of CA was 11.9% (95% CI: 8.8-15.8%). The meta-analysis identified several risk factors for CA, including prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) (OR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.80-0.98, P = 0.021), prenatal exposure to acid-suppressive medications (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.04-1.19, P = 0.002), maternal folic acid supplementation during pregnancy (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.10-1.27, p < 0.001), as well as Helicobacter pylori infection in childhood (OR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.35-3.15, p = 0.001).

Conclusions: The prevalence rate of asthma among children was approximately 11.9%. Prenatal exposure to PFAS and acid-suppressive medications, Helicobacter pylori infection in childhood were proved to be risk factors for asthma. Folic acid supplementation during pregnancy is positively associated with a reduced risk of asthma in children. Further large-scale prospective research is warranted to unveil the roles and significance of these factors.

儿童哮喘患病率和危险因素:一项系统综述和荟萃分析。
目的:本研究旨在通过荟萃分析评估儿童哮喘患病率及危险因素。数据来源:全面检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane和Web of Science数据库,检索2015年1月1日至2024年7月8日期间发表的关于儿童哮喘(CA)患病率和危险因素的研究。根据预先设定的资格标准筛选和选择研究,并提取相关数据。通过纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表(NOS)评估符合条件的研究的质量。通过Stata 16和r4.4.1进行统计分析。研究选择:纳入45项研究,共647,414名受试者。结果:CA的总患病率为11.9% (95% CI: 8.8%-15.8%)。荟萃分析确定了CA的几个危险因素,包括产前暴露于全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质(PFAS) (OR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.80-0.98, P = 0.021),产前暴露于抑酸药物(OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.04-1.19, P = 0.002),怀孕期间母体补充叶酸(OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.10-1.27, P < 0.001),以及儿童期幽门螺杆菌感染(OR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.35-3.15, P = 0.001)。研究选择。结论:儿童哮喘患病率约为11.9%。产前暴露于PFAS和抑酸药物,儿童期幽门螺杆菌感染被证明是哮喘的危险因素。怀孕期间补充叶酸与降低儿童哮喘风险呈正相关。为了揭示这些因素的作用和意义,有必要进一步进行大规模的前瞻性研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Journal of Asthma
Journal of Asthma 医学-过敏
CiteScore
4.00
自引率
5.30%
发文量
158
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Providing an authoritative open forum on asthma and related conditions, Journal of Asthma publishes clinical research around such topics as asthma management, critical and long-term care, preventative measures, environmental counselling, and patient education.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信