Onchocerciasis status in Guinea-Bissau: An overview of trends in epidemiological and entomological indicators

IF 4.3 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

International Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI:10.1016/j.ijid.2025.108035

Natalie. V.S. Vinkeles Melchers , Cristovão Manjuba , Yao Sodahlon , Ramalho João Correia , Victorino Martinho Aiogalé , Léonce Aké Assi , Francisco Cabral , Paul T. Cantey , Wilma A. Stolk

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Abstract

Objectives

The World Health Organization recommends monitoring infection and entomological indicators to evaluate onchocerciasis elimination. We reviewed trends in Guinea-Bissau since the onset of interventions to assess current progress toward elimination.

Methods

We collated programmatic, entomological, and epidemiological data from Guinea-Bissau, including Onchocerciasis Control Programme (OCP) records, impact data, and community-directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTi) data. Trends were visualized to assess impact.

Results

Pre-control microfiladermia (mf) prevalences reached up to 70.6% along Rio Corubal and 27.4% along Rio Géba. Mf intensity ranged up to 59.9 and 6.5 mf/skin snip, respectively. Mf prevalence and intensity declined over time, despite irregular CDTi. In 2007-2008, the highest mf prevalence was 9.7% (Rio Corubal). Despite all villages being mf skin snip-negative by 2015, the detection of OV16 ELISA-positives (0.7%-14.9%) indicated ongoing transmission. Entomological surveys (2015) reported a blackfly infectivity rate of 0.06%, with infectious flies found at two of five sites (Gabú region).

Conclusions

CDTi substantially reduced mf prevalence, intensity, and vector infectivity in Guinea-Bissau, but transmission was not reduced to zero. Renewed serological and entomological assessments are needed to accurately determine elimination progress.

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几内亚比绍盘尾丝虫病状况：流行病学和昆虫学指标趋势概述。

目的：世界卫生组织建议监测感染和昆虫学指标，以评估盘尾丝虫病的消除情况。我们回顾了几内亚比绍自采取干预措施以来的趋势，以评估目前在消除方面取得的进展。方法：我们整理了来自几内亚比绍的规划、昆虫学和流行病学数据，包括盘尾丝虫病控制规划（OCP）记录、影响数据和伊维菌素（CDTi）社区指导治疗数据。趋势被可视化以评估影响。结果：控制前微丝虫病在里约热内卢Corubal和里约热内卢gacimba的流行率分别为70.6%和27.4%。Mf强度分别高达59.9和6.5 Mf /皮剪。尽管CDTi不规则，但Mf患病率和强度随时间下降。2007-2008年，mf患病率最高为9.7%（2010年）。尽管到2015年所有村庄均为mf皮肤片段阴性，但OV16 elisa检测呈阳性（0.7%-14.9%）表明正在发生传播。昆虫学调查（2015年）报告称，黑蝇感染率为0.06%，在5个站点中的2个（Gabú区域）发现了传染性苍蝇。结论：CDTi显著降低了几内亚比绍的mf患病率、强度和媒介传染性，但传播并未降至零。需要重新进行血清学和昆虫学评估，以准确确定消灭进展。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Infectious Diseases 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

18.90

自引率

2.40%

发文量

1020

审稿时长

30 days

期刊介绍： International Journal of Infectious Diseases (IJID) Publisher: International Society for Infectious Diseases Publication Frequency: Monthly Type: Peer-reviewed, Open Access Scope: Publishes original clinical and laboratory-based research. Reports clinical trials, reviews, and some case reports. Focuses on epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, treatment, and control of infectious diseases. Emphasizes diseases common in under-resourced countries.