Exploring Residual Limb Muscle Activation and Structure in Transtibial Amputees for Improved Prosthetic Control

IF 5.2 2区 医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL
Faranak Rostamjoud;Haraldur Björn Sigurðsson;Atli Örn Sverrisson;Sigurður Brynjólfsson;Kristín Briem
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Abstract

This study investigates the structural and functional characteristics of residual muscles in transtibial amputees (TTAs) to improve electromyography (EMG)-based prosthetic control. Using ultrasonography, we measured the thickness of the Tibialis Anterior (TA), Peroneus Longus (PL), Gastrocnemius Medialis (GM), and Lateralis (GL) at rest and during contraction. Surface EMG was employed to assess muscle activation patterns, co-contraction levels, and accuracy in modulating submaximal contractions at 25%, 50%, and 75% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). Results revealed that muscle thickness on the amputated side was significantly lower than on the sound side (p <0.0001), with the TA and PL exhibiting the greatest atrophy. Despite this, all muscles demonstrated significant increases in thickness during contraction (p<0.0001), indicating preserved neuromuscular activity. GL showed the highest percentage increase in thickness (23.7%), followed by PL (20.5%) and GM (15.4%). EMG analysis demonstrated high co-contraction, particularly between TA and PL, which may complicate selective muscle activation for prosthetic control. During dorsiflexion, PL activation was nearly as high as TA, while TA also exhibited unintended activation during eversion, suggesting poor muscle differentiation. During plantarflexion, GM and GL exhibited dominant activation, while the PL showed substantial co-contraction. Accuracy in controlling submaximal contractions was inconsistent, with TA showing the lowest absolute error (0.17), while GM and GL exhibited the highest errors (0.26 and 0.27, respectively). These findings suggest that TTAs retain the ability to activate residual muscles but struggle with selective activation and intensity modulation, emphasizing the need for targeted training and prosthetic control strategies to optimize functional outcomes.
探索残肢肌肉的激活和结构以改善假肢控制。
本研究旨在研究跨胫截肢者(TTAs)残肌的结构和功能特征,以改善基于肌电图(EMG)的假肢控制。通过超声检查,我们测量了静息和收缩时胫骨前肌(TA)、腓骨长肌(PL)、腓肠肌内侧肌(GM)和腓肠肌外侧肌(GL)的厚度。表面肌电图用于评估肌肉激活模式、共同收缩水平,以及在最大自主收缩(MVC)的25%、50%和75%时调节亚最大收缩的准确性。结果显示,截肢侧的肌肉厚度明显低于正常侧(p < 0.0001),其中TA和PL萎缩最严重。尽管如此,所有的肌肉在收缩过程中都表现出明显的厚度增加
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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.60
自引率
8.20%
发文量
479
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Rehabilitative and neural aspects of biomedical engineering, including functional electrical stimulation, acoustic dynamics, human performance measurement and analysis, nerve stimulation, electromyography, motor control and stimulation; and hardware and software applications for rehabilitation engineering and assistive devices.
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