Volitional and forced running ability in mice lacking intact primary motor cortex.

IF 3 3区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES
Frontiers in Neural Circuits Pub Date : 2025-08-14 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fncir.2025.1630932
Ryusei Abo, Mei Ishikawa, Rio Shinohara, Takayuki Michikawa, Itaru Imayoshi
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Abstract

The coordination of various brain regions achieves both volitional and forced motor control, but the role of the primary motor cortex in proficient running motor control remains unclear. This study trained mice to run at high performance (>10,000 rotations per day or >2,700 rotations per hour) using a running wheel, and then assessed the effects of the removal of bilateral cortical areas including the primary motor cortex on volitional (self-initiated) and forced (externally driven) running locomotion. The control sham-operated group revealed a quick recovery of volitional running, reaching half of the maximum daily rotation in 3.9 ± 2.6 days (n = 10). In contrast, the cortical injury group took a significantly longer period (7.0 ± 3.3 days, n = 15, p < 0.05) to reach half of the maximum volitional daily rotation, but recovered to preoperative levels in about two weeks. Furthermore, even 3 days after surgery to remove cortical regions, the running time on a treadmill moving at 35.3 cm/s, which is difficult for naïve mice to run on, was not significantly different from that in the sham-operated group. These results suggest that the intact primary motor cortex is not necessarily required to execute trained fast-running locomotion, but rather contributes to the spontaneity of running in mice.

初级运动皮质缺失小鼠的意志和强迫跑步能力。
大脑各区域的协调实现了意志和强迫运动控制,但初级运动皮层在熟练跑步运动控制中的作用尚不清楚。本研究训练小鼠使用跑步轮进行高强度跑步(每天1000转或每小时2700转),然后评估去除双侧皮质区域,包括初级运动皮层对意志(自我发起)和强迫(外部驱动)跑步运动的影响。对照组假手术组显示意志跑步的快速恢复,在3.9±2.6 天内达到最大每日旋转的一半(n = 10)。相比之下,皮质损伤组所需时间明显更长(7.0 ±3.3 天,n = 15,p
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
5.70%
发文量
135
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Neural Circuits publishes rigorously peer-reviewed research on the emergent properties of neural circuits - the elementary modules of the brain. Specialty Chief Editors Takao K. Hensch and Edward Ruthazer at Harvard University and McGill University respectively, are supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international experts. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics and the public worldwide. Frontiers in Neural Circuits launched in 2011 with great success and remains a "central watering hole" for research in neural circuits, serving the community worldwide to share data, ideas and inspiration. Articles revealing the anatomy, physiology, development or function of any neural circuitry in any species (from sponges to humans) are welcome. Our common thread seeks the computational strategies used by different circuits to link their structure with function (perceptual, motor, or internal), the general rules by which they operate, and how their particular designs lead to the emergence of complex properties and behaviors. Submissions focused on synaptic, cellular and connectivity principles in neural microcircuits using multidisciplinary approaches, especially newer molecular, developmental and genetic tools, are encouraged. Studies with an evolutionary perspective to better understand how circuit design and capabilities evolved to produce progressively more complex properties and behaviors are especially welcome. The journal is further interested in research revealing how plasticity shapes the structural and functional architecture of neural circuits.
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