Plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles: mechanisms and molecular understanding in neurological disorders with potential therapeutic applications.

IF 5.5 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Drug Delivery and Translational Research Pub Date : 2025-08-20 DOI:10.1007/s13346-025-01955-0

Sevim Isik, Sedra Alhelwani, Aya Sahsahi, Hilal Balcilar, Bercem Yeman-Kiyak

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Abstract

Exosomes are nano vesicles secreted by the cells that play an essential role in intercellular communication, enabling the transport of bioactive molecules, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Among them, plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles have attracted considerable interest due to their prospective therapeutic implications, especially for neurological disorders. This article provides an overview of the biogenesis of plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles, compares their characteristics with mammalian-derived exosomes, and investigates their bioavailability and chemical composition. The article also discusses the mechanisms through which they are uptaken by cells, highlighting several cellular uptake pathways and their significance for targeted drug delivery. Moreover, it explains the molecular basis of neurological disorders and investigates how plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles regulate intracellular signaling pathways, providing potential therapeutic benefits. Finally, it provides the latest advancements in engineering research, emphasizing biochemical modifications on the exosomal surface, loading therapeutic molecules into exosomes, and exosomes derived from genetically engineered plants, for more effective therapies in neurological disorders.

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植物来源的外泌体样纳米囊泡：神经系统疾病的机制和分子理解与潜在的治疗应用。

外泌体是由细胞分泌的纳米囊泡，在细胞间通讯中起重要作用，使生物活性分子（包括蛋白质、脂质和核酸）能够运输。其中，植物来源的外泌体样纳米囊泡由于其潜在的治疗意义而引起了相当大的兴趣，特别是对神经系统疾病。本文综述了植物来源的外泌体样纳米囊泡的生物发生，比较了它们与哺乳动物来源的外泌体的特征，并研究了它们的生物利用度和化学成分。本文还讨论了它们被细胞摄取的机制，强调了几种细胞摄取途径及其对靶向药物递送的意义。此外，它解释了神经系统疾病的分子基础，并研究了植物来源的外泌体样纳米囊泡如何调节细胞内信号通路，提供了潜在的治疗益处。最后，它提供了工程研究的最新进展，强调外泌体表面的生化修饰，将治疗分子装载到外泌体中，以及来自基因工程植物的外泌体，以更有效地治疗神经系统疾病。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Drug Delivery and Translational Research MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTALPHARMACOL-PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

CiteScore

11.70

自引率

1.90%

发文量

160

期刊介绍： The journal provides a unique forum for scientific publication of high-quality research that is exclusively focused on translational aspects of drug delivery. Rationally developed, effective delivery systems can potentially affect clinical outcome in different disease conditions. Research focused on the following areas of translational drug delivery research will be considered for publication in the journal. Designing and developing novel drug delivery systems, with a focus on their application to disease conditions; Preclinical and clinical data related to drug delivery systems; Drug distribution, pharmacokinetics, clearance, with drug delivery systems as compared to traditional dosing to demonstrate beneficial outcomes Short-term and long-term biocompatibility of drug delivery systems, host response; Biomaterials with growth factors for stem-cell differentiation in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering; Image-guided drug therapy, Nanomedicine; Devices for drug delivery and drug/device combination products. In addition to original full-length papers, communications, and reviews, the journal includes editorials, reports of future meetings, research highlights, and announcements pertaining to the activities of the Controlled Release Society.