1,6-Hexanediol Diacrylate, Isocyanates and Other Skin Sensitizers Are Emerging Contact Allergens in Guardian Glucose Sensors.

IF 4.6 1区医学 Q2 ALLERGY

Contact Dermatitis Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI:10.1111/cod.70010

Ella Dendooven, Fleur Haentjens, Silada Kanokrungsee, Tania Naessens, Emmy Tuenter, Kenn Foubert, Nina Hermans, Eveline Dirinck, Christophe De Block, Olivier Aerts

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) from diabetes devices remains a significant concern.

Objective: To report ACD from Guardian 3 and 4 glucose sensors (G3/4 sensors) due to multiple skin sensitizers, that is, isobornyl acrylate (IBOA), N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA) and also 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), isocyanates, colophonium derivatives, tert-butylphenols (TBPs) and salicylates.

Methods: Twenty-seven patients with ACD from G3/4 sensors, evaluated between January 2020 and December 2024, were patch-tested to a baseline, acrylate, isocyanate and plastics and glue series. The sensors and their overtape (Oval Tape) were analysed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Results: Most patients (44%) reacted to colophonium (derivatives), followed by IBOA (31%) and isocyanates (29%). Fewer, yet remarkable reactions were observed to HDDA (20%), TBPs (12.5%) and DMAA (8%). All IBOA and DMAA-allergic patients had been previously sensitised by the FreeStyle I sensor, whereas patients using G3/4 sensors as their first diabetes device were not sensitised to these two allergens. Chemical analyses confirmed the presence of colophonium derivatives, IBOA, DMAA, HDDA, isocyanates, TBPs and, interestingly, also salicylates, as skin sensitizers in these sensors.

Conclusions: The newer glucose sensors Guardian 3 and 4 contain, besides IBOA and DMAA, also HDDA, together with a multitude of other skin sensitizers that put patients at risk of developing ACD.

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1,6-己二醇二丙烯酸酯，异氰酸酯和其他皮肤致敏剂是监护人血糖传感器中出现的接触过敏原。

背景：糖尿病器械引起的过敏性接触性皮炎（ACD）仍然是一个值得关注的问题。目的：报道Guardian 3和4型葡萄糖传感器（3/4型传感器）由于多种皮肤致敏剂（即丙烯酸异硼酸酯（IBOA）、N，N-二甲基丙烯酰胺（DMAA）和1,6-己二醇二丙烯酸酯（HDDA）、异氰酸酯、树脂衍生物、叔丁基酚（TBPs）和水杨酸酯）引起的ACD。方法：在2020年1月至2024年12月期间，对27例来自G3/4传感器的ACD患者进行了基线、丙烯酸酯、异氰酸酯和塑料及胶水系列的贴片测试。采用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）对传感器及其覆盖带（椭圆带）进行分析。结果：大多数患者（44%）对colophonium（衍生物）有反应，其次是IBOA（31%）和异氰酸酯（29%）。HDDA（20%）、TBPs（12.5%）和DMAA（8%）的反应较少，但显著。所有IBOA和dmaa过敏患者之前都对FreeStyle I型传感器敏感，而使用G3/4型传感器作为第一个糖尿病设备的患者对这两种过敏原不敏感。化学分析证实，在这些传感器中存在colophonium衍生物、IBOA、DMAA、HDDA、异氰酸酯、tbp，有趣的是，还有水杨酸酯作为皮肤致敏剂。结论：较新的葡萄糖传感器Guardian 3和4除了含有IBOA和DMAA外，还含有HDDA，以及许多其他皮肤致敏剂，这些致敏剂使患者有发生ACD的风险。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Contact Dermatitis 医学-过敏

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

30.90%

发文量

227

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Contact Dermatitis is designed primarily as a journal for clinicians who are interested in various aspects of environmental dermatitis. This includes both allergic and irritant (toxic) types of contact dermatitis, occupational (industrial) dermatitis and consumers" dermatitis from such products as cosmetics and toiletries. The journal aims at promoting and maintaining communication among dermatologists, industrial physicians, allergists and clinical immunologists, as well as chemists and research workers involved in industry and the production of consumer goods. Papers are invited on clinical observations, diagnosis and methods of investigation of patients, therapeutic measures, organisation and legislation relating to the control of occupational and consumers".