Early menopause as an independent risk factor for postoperative atrial fibrillation in women undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: a retrospective cohort study.
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Abstract
Background: Early menopause is considered directly related to the occurrence of isolated atrial fibrillation. In this study, we aim to explore the relationship between early menopause and the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) occurring following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
Method: This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent CABG at Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2020 to December 2023. Patients were divided into two cohorts: early menopausal individuals (age < 45) and non-early menopausal individuals (age ≥ 45). Baseline characteristic disparities were adjusted via including all baseline variables with an standardized mean difference (SMD) > 0.1 as covariates in the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis. The correlation between menopausal age and the occurrence of POAF was analyzed utilizing logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS).
Results: Among the 1825 female patients who underwent CABG in this study, 537 developed POAF. After IPTW analysis to control for baseline variables, it was found that the incidence of POAF in the early menopause group was significantly higher than in the non-early menopause group (42.1% vs. 28.2%). Logistic regression analysis showed that early menopause was associated with an increased risk of POAF (adjusted OR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.30-2.38, p < 0.001). RCS analysis also confirmed our hypothesis, showing that early menopause is associated with an increased risk of POAF.
Conclusion: Female CABG patients with early menopause have a higher incidence of POAF compared to those without early menopause. Additionally, the younger the age at menopause, the higher the risk of developing POAF. These findings suggest that menopausal age should be considered in preoperative risk stratification, and early menopausal women may benefit from targeted monitoring or preventive strategies to reduce POAF risk.
期刊介绍：
BMC Women''s Health is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of the health and wellbeing of adolescent girls and women, with a particular focus on the physical, mental, and emotional health of women in developed and developing nations. The journal welcomes submissions on women''s public health issues, health behaviours, breast cancer, gynecological diseases, mental health and health promotion.
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