Characterizing Microbial Communities in >7000- and >180,000-Year-Old Antarctic Permafrost Using a Low-Biomass Decontamination Protocol.

IF 2.6 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
Astrobiology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-20 DOI:10.1177/15311074251369770
Jacob T H Anderson, Alexis J Marshall, Roanna Richards-Babbage, Ian R McDonald, Gary S Wilson, Andrey Abramov, Nikita Demidov, S Craig Cary
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The McMurdo Dry Valleys may harbor diverse surface microbial communities, yet little is known about subsurface microorganisms in permafrost and their potential for paleoecological reconstruction. Here, we present microbial diversity and paleoecology from lower Wright Valley (7000- to 25,000-year-old) and Pearse Valley (>180,000-year-old) permafrost habitats in the McMurdo Dry Valleys. Using a new decontamination protocol, low-biomass extraction approaches, and 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplification sequencing, we assessed microbial community structure and diversity. The difference between surface and subsurface microbial communities at both lower Wright and Pearse valleys suggests the environmental conditions were different at the time of colonization. Microbial taxa identified in subsurface permafrost but not in the surface soil in both valleys indicate an ancient and isolated microbial community. In contrast, communities were not resolved at a high-elevation site in the stable upland zone, the Friis Hills (>6 Ma). The inability to identify DNA using amplicon sequencing in the Friis Hills is consistent with previous efforts to analyze high-elevation soils and permafrost, which suggests that microbial habitability is severely restricted in persistent cold, arid habitats. Therefore, utilizing other approaches may be necessary to analyze surface and subsurface permafrost on Earth, and perhaps Mars, where low-abundance microbial populations may be present.

利用低生物量净化方案表征7000年和18万年前的南极永久冻土带微生物群落。
麦克默多干谷可能有多种地表微生物群落,但对永久冻土层的地下微生物及其古生态重建的潜力知之甚少。在这里,我们展示了麦克默多干谷下莱特谷(7000- 25000年)和皮尔斯谷(大约18万年前)永久冻土层栖息地的微生物多样性和古生态。利用新的去污方案、低生物量提取方法和16S核糖体RNA基因扩增测序,我们评估了微生物群落结构和多样性。赖特山谷和皮尔斯山谷地表和地下微生物群落的差异表明,在殖民时期的环境条件是不同的。在两个山谷的地下冻土中发现了微生物分类群,而在表层土壤中没有发现微生物分类群,这表明了一个古老而孤立的微生物群落。相比之下,在稳定的高地带的高海拔地点,弗里斯山(bb60 - 6 Ma),群落没有得到解决。在弗里斯山无法使用扩增子测序来识别DNA,这与之前分析高海拔土壤和永久冻土的努力是一致的,这表明微生物的可居住性在持续寒冷、干旱的栖息地受到严重限制。因此,利用其他方法来分析地球上的地表和地下永久冻土可能是必要的,也许火星上也有,那里可能存在低丰度的微生物种群。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Astrobiology
Astrobiology 生物-地球科学综合
CiteScore
7.70
自引率
11.90%
发文量
100
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Astrobiology is the most-cited peer-reviewed journal dedicated to the understanding of life''s origin, evolution, and distribution in the universe, with a focus on new findings and discoveries from interplanetary exploration and laboratory research. Astrobiology coverage includes: Astrophysics; Astropaleontology; Astroplanets; Bioastronomy; Cosmochemistry; Ecogenomics; Exobiology; Extremophiles; Geomicrobiology; Gravitational biology; Life detection technology; Meteoritics; Planetary geoscience; Planetary protection; Prebiotic chemistry; Space exploration technology; Terraforming
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