Outpatient Care of the Premature Infant.

IF 3.5 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

American family physician Pub Date : 2025-08-01

Michael Bybel, Catherine A Delaney, Katie Coble

{"title":"Outpatient Care of the Premature Infant.","authors":"Michael Bybel, Catherine A Delaney, Katie Coble","doi":"","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Family physicians oversee the complex care of premature infants after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit, taking into consideration the degree of prematurity and unique complications that can occur. Early family engagement is critical for these infants. Before hospital discharge, at least two caregivers should demonstrate the ability to appropriately feed and provide necessary care for the infant. Premature infants are at risk of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, periventricular leukomalacia, retinopathy of prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, and intraventricular hemorrhage. Routine vaccination is recommended. This includes newer prevention options for respiratory syncytial virus (eg, nirsevimab [Beyfortus]) and the prenatal vaccine Abrysvo. Growth of premature infants is monitored using corrected age and may improve with use of breast milk fortifiers or enriched formulas. Premature infants are also at risk for neurodevelopmental disabilities, including cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, and vision and hearing impairment. Developmental screening using corrected age is recommended at ages 9, 18, and 30 months, with screening for autism spectrum disorder at 18 and 24 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":7713,"journal":{"name":"American family physician","volume":"112 2","pages":"153-161"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"American family physician","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Family physicians oversee the complex care of premature infants after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit, taking into consideration the degree of prematurity and unique complications that can occur. Early family engagement is critical for these infants. Before hospital discharge, at least two caregivers should demonstrate the ability to appropriately feed and provide necessary care for the infant. Premature infants are at risk of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, periventricular leukomalacia, retinopathy of prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, and intraventricular hemorrhage. Routine vaccination is recommended. This includes newer prevention options for respiratory syncytial virus (eg, nirsevimab [Beyfortus]) and the prenatal vaccine Abrysvo. Growth of premature infants is monitored using corrected age and may improve with use of breast milk fortifiers or enriched formulas. Premature infants are also at risk for neurodevelopmental disabilities, including cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, and vision and hearing impairment. Developmental screening using corrected age is recommended at ages 9, 18, and 30 months, with screening for autism spectrum disorder at 18 and 24 months.

本刊更多论文

早产儿的门诊护理。

家庭医生监督早产儿从新生儿重症监护病房出院后的复杂护理，考虑到早产儿的程度和可能发生的独特并发症。早期家庭参与对这些婴儿至关重要。出院前，至少有两名护理人员应证明有能力适当喂养婴儿并为婴儿提供必要的护理。早产儿有缺氧缺血性脑病、脑室周围白质软化、早产儿视网膜病变、支气管肺发育不良、坏死性小肠结肠炎和脑室内出血的风险。建议常规接种疫苗。这包括较新的呼吸道合胞病毒预防方案（如nirsevimab [Beyfortus]）和产前疫苗Abrysvo。使用校正年龄来监测早产儿的生长，并可通过使用母乳强化剂或强化配方奶来改善生长。早产儿也有神经发育障碍的风险，包括脑瘫、智力残疾、视力和听力障碍。建议在9个月、18个月和30个月时使用矫正年龄进行发育筛查，在18个月和24个月时进行自闭症谱系障碍筛查。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

American family physician 医学-医学：内科

CiteScore

2.80

自引率

2.50%

发文量

368

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： American Family Physician is a semimonthly, editorially independent, peer-reviewed journal of the American Academy of Family Physicians. AFP’s chief objective is to provide high-quality continuing medical education for more than 190,000 family physicians and other primary care clinicians. The editors prefer original articles from experienced clinicians who write succinct, evidence-based, authoritative clinical reviews that will assist family physicians in patient care. AFP considers only manuscripts that are original, have not been published previously, and are not under consideration for publication elsewhere. Articles that demonstrate a family medicine perspective on and approach to a common clinical condition are particularly desirable.