Diversified Crop Rotations Strengthen Maize Seedling Drought Tolerance by Modulating Rhizosphere Microbiota and Enzyme Activities.

IF 6.3 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Rong Jia, Min Chen, Jie Zhou, Yi Xu, Junlong Huang, Yadong Yang, Bahar S Razavi, Zhaohai Zeng, Yakov Kuzyakov, Huadong Zang
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Although diversified crop rotations increase drought tolerance and system productivity, the underlying mechanisms conferring this resilience in crop-soil-microorganisms systems remain incomplete. Maize drought tolerance mechanisms were evaluated in a 20-year experiment with low, medium, and high crop diversity rotations using soil zymography to visualize enzyme activity distribution and high-throughput sequencing to assess microbial communities. High crop diversity increased maize shoot biomass by 56%-87% and reduced drought-induced root biomass loss by 14%-59% compared to low crop diversity. Root diameter increased by 1.7-2.5 times leading to better drought tolerance by 2.2-2.7 times, and stabile key rhizosphere microbiota. The complexity of the rhizosphere bacterial network increased with crop diversification, and the keystone taxa (such as biofilm-producing Pseudomonas ) raised maize drought tolerance by increasing rhizosphere water retention. These microbiota increased habitat resilience under drought, increasing ecosystem provision and regulatory functions. Activities and hotspot areas of enzymes related to carbon and nitrogen cycling decreased with crop diversification, but changed minimally under drought, indicating that this enzymatic resilience could contribute to maize drought tolerance. In conclusion, crop diversification enriches drought-tolerance microbial species in soil that stabilize the rhizosphere microenvironment and facilitate root proliferation, underscoring the importance of crop-microbial interactions for drought resilience.

不同轮作方式通过调节根际微生物群和酶活性增强玉米幼苗抗旱性。
尽管多样化的作物轮作提高了抗旱性和系统生产力,但作物-土壤-微生物系统中赋予这种抗旱性的潜在机制仍然不完整。在一项为期20年的试验中,采用低、中、高作物多样性轮作,利用土壤酶谱法观察酶活性分布,并利用高通量测序评估微生物群落,对玉米抗旱机制进行了评估。与低作物多样性相比,高作物多样性使玉米茎部生物量增加56% ~ 87%,使干旱引起的根系生物量损失减少14% ~ 59%。根径增加1.7 ~ 2.5倍,耐旱性提高2.2 ~ 2.7倍,根际关键菌群稳定。根际细菌网络的复杂性随着作物多样化而增加,关键类群(如产生生物膜的假单胞菌)通过增加根际保水来提高玉米的抗旱性。这些微生物群增加了生境在干旱条件下的恢复能力,增加了生态系统的供应和调节功能。与碳氮循环相关的酶活性和热点区域随着作物多样化而下降,但在干旱条件下变化最小,表明这种酶的抗旱性可能有助于玉米的抗旱性。综上所述,作物多样化丰富了土壤中的耐旱微生物物种,这些微生物物种稳定了根际微环境,促进了根系的增殖,强调了作物-微生物相互作用对抗旱性的重要性。
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来源期刊
Plant, Cell & Environment
Plant, Cell & Environment 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
13.30
自引率
4.10%
发文量
253
审稿时长
1.8 months
期刊介绍: Plant, Cell & Environment is a premier plant science journal, offering valuable insights into plant responses to their environment. Committed to publishing high-quality theoretical and experimental research, the journal covers a broad spectrum of factors, spanning from molecular to community levels. Researchers exploring various aspects of plant biology, physiology, and ecology contribute to the journal's comprehensive understanding of plant-environment interactions.
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