Graft Dimensions and Residual Tissue Thickness Impact on Donor Site Healing After FGG Procedure: A 3D Comparative Study

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

International dental journal Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI:10.1016/j.identj.2025.103858

Ning Wei, Ziyao Han, Wenjie Hu, Yiping Wei, Haoyun Zhang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction and aims

Free gingival grafting (FGG) is a common procedure in periodontal and implant therapy to augment keratinized tissue and improve esthetic outcomes. However, the effects of graft dimensions and residual tissue thickness (RTT¹) on palatal donor site healing remain poorly characterized, lacking standardized 3-dimensional analysis. This study aimed to quantify how these factors influence 3-dimensional tissue recovery over 6 months, with thickness recovery rate as the primary outcome.

Methods

Thirty-two FGG patients were divided into single-tooth (ST²) and multi-teeth (MT³) groups. Intraoral scans and CBCT quantified donor site thickness and volume changes at 1, 3, and 6 months post-surgery. Statistical analyses (t-tests, ANOVA) assessed graft size and RTT effects.

Results

At 1 month, the ST group showed significantly faster healing than the MT group, with higher thickness (91.01% vs 86.46%, P = .005) and volume recovery rates (73.19% vs 64.23%, P = .009). No intergroup differences emerged at 3 or 6 months. RTT≥2 mm consistently improved outcomes across all time points (P < .001), while RTT<2 mm required prolonged healing.

Conclusion

Graft size affects early-phase healing but not long-term outcomes. Preserving ≥2 mm RTT is critical for optimal recovery and re-harvesting potential, guiding graft dimension selection in FGG.

Clinical Relevance

Understanding the impact of graft size and residual tissue thickness (RTT) on palatal donor site healing can provide valuable guidance for clinical decision-making in free gingival graft surgery. Smaller grafts facilitate quicker initial recovery, while maintaining RTT≥2 mm is essential for optimizing long-term healing. These insights can improve surgical planning, postoperative care, and re-harvesting feasibility, leading to better patient outcomes.

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移植物尺寸和残余组织厚度对FGG手术后供区愈合的影响：一项3D比较研究

简介和目的游离牙龈移植（FGG）是牙周和种植治疗中常见的一种方法，可以增加角质化组织并改善美观效果。然而，移植物尺寸和残余组织厚度（RTT1）对腭供区愈合的影响仍然不清楚，缺乏标准化的三维分析。本研究旨在量化这些因素如何影响6个月内的三维组织恢复，以厚度恢复率为主要指标。方法32例FGG患者分为单牙组（ST2）和多牙组（MT3）。口内扫描和CBCT量化了术后1、3和6个月供体部位的厚度和体积变化。统计分析（t检验，方差分析）评估移植物大小和RTT效果。结果1个月后，ST组愈合速度明显快于MT组，其厚度（91.01%比86.46%,P = 0.005）和体积恢复率（73.19%比64.23%,P = 0.009）显著高于MT组。3、6个月时各组间无差异。RTT≥2mm持续改善所有时间点的疗效（P < .001），而RTT<； 2mm需要延长愈合时间。结论移植物大小影响早期愈合，但不影响远期疗效。保留≥2mm的RTT对于FGG的最佳恢复和再收获潜力至关重要，并指导嫁接尺寸的选择。了解移植物大小和残余组织厚度（RTT）对腭供区愈合的影响，可以为游离龈移植手术的临床决策提供有价值的指导。较小的移植物有助于更快的初始恢复，而维持RTT≥2mm对于优化长期愈合至关重要。这些见解可以改善手术计划、术后护理和再收获的可行性，从而改善患者的预后。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International dental journal 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

6.10%

发文量

159

审稿时长

63 days

期刊介绍： The International Dental Journal features peer-reviewed, scientific articles relevant to international oral health issues, as well as practical, informative articles aimed at clinicians.