Contribution of high BMI to the global burden of cardiovascular disease among young adults aged 20-39 from 1990 to 2021: A systematic analysis for the Global burden of disease study 2021

IF 5.9 Q1 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS

American journal of preventive cardiology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101283

Jiaqi Hao , Mengkai Lu , Rui Sun , Xiuya Guan , Yuanlong Hu , Muxin Zhang , Zhiyuan Zhang , Xinhai Cui , Xin Wen , Chao Li , Chunxiao Zhang

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Abstract

Background

Understanding temporal trends in the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) attributable to high body mass index (BMI) in young adults is important for effective and targeted prevention strategies and measures. We aimed to provide comprehensive estimates of CVD deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) rate attributable to high BMI in young adults aged 20–39 years at the global, regional, and national levels, as well as temporal trends from 1990 to 2021.

Methods

We calculated age-standardized deaths rate and DALYs rate as well as estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) using Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study data on deaths and DALYs for CVD attributable to high BMI among young adults aged 20–39 years.

Results

Among non-communicable diseases, the burden of cardiovascular disease attributed to high BMI among young adults aged 20–39 years is much higher than chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes and kidney diseases, digestive diseases, and neoplasms. Among specific types of cardiovascular disease, ischemic heart disease accounted for the highest proportion, while stroke had the largest increase in the rate of DALYs. an increase in age-standardized DALYs rate over time in low-to-middle SDI regions, a decrease in age-standardized DALYs rate over time in high SDI regions, and a decrease in health inequality in 2021 compared with 1990.

Conclusion

In 2021, the high burden of cardiovascular disease attributed to high BMI among young adults varied by region, country, gender, and Socio-demographic index (SDI). The greater burden of cardiovascular disease among young adults in low - and middle-income countries may be linked to unhealthy diets, health awareness, and lifestyles among young adults in low - and middle-income countries. Given the potential for improvement in high BMI, initiatives targeting this risk factor could significantly reduce the burden of CVD. Thus, prioritizing cost-effective policies and interventions is urgently needed.

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高BMI对1990年至2021年20-39岁年轻人心血管疾病全球负担的贡献：2021年全球疾病负担研究的系统分析

背景：了解青壮年高体重指数（BMI）导致的心血管疾病（CVD）负担的时间趋势，对于制定有效和有针对性的预防策略和措施具有重要意义。我们的目的是在全球、地区和国家层面提供20-39岁年轻人中由高BMI导致的心血管疾病死亡和残疾调整生命年（DALYs）率的综合估计，以及1990年至2021年的时间趋势。方法：我们使用全球疾病负担（GBD） 2021研究数据计算年龄标准化死亡率和DALYs率以及估计的年百分比变化（EAPC），这些数据是20-39岁的年轻人归因于高BMI的CVD死亡和DALYs。结果在非传染性疾病中，20-39岁青壮年高BMI导致的心血管疾病负担远高于慢性呼吸系统疾病、糖尿病和肾脏疾病、消化系统疾病和肿瘤。在特定类型的心血管疾病中，缺血性心脏病所占比例最高，而卒中的DALYs增加率最大。在低至中等SDI地区，年龄标准化DALYs率随着时间的推移而增加，在高SDI地区，年龄标准化DALYs率随着时间的推移而下降，与1990年相比，2021年健康不平等现象有所减少。结论2021年，青壮年因高BMI导致的心血管疾病高负担因地区、国家、性别和社会人口指数（SDI）而异。低收入和中等收入国家年轻人心血管疾病负担较大可能与低收入和中等收入国家年轻人的不健康饮食、健康意识和生活方式有关。鉴于改善高BMI的潜力，针对这一危险因素的举措可以显著减轻心血管疾病的负担。因此，迫切需要优先考虑具有成本效益的政策和干预措施。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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