Klaus Früh, Persephone Borrow, Geraldine M. Gillespie, Andrew J. McMichael, Louis J. Picker
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
MHC-E is a highly conserved, non-polymorphic MHC protein that engages inhibitory and activating receptors on natural killer (NK) cells and T cells and can also present antigens to T cell receptors. NK cell responses driven by activating receptor interactions with MHC-E are implicated in controlling chronic viral infections and cancer. Immunotherapeutic targeting of interactions between MHC-E and inhibitory receptors to increase the activation of NK cells and T cells shows promise in improving antitumour immune responses. Furthermore, MHC-E-restricted CD8+ T cells elicited by cytomegalovirus-based vaccines might, for certain infections and cancers, be more effective than CD8+ T cells restricted by classical MHC class I or class II molecules. The ability of MHC-E to regulate or mediate both innate and adaptive immune responses independently of the MHC haplotype of an individual raises the possibility of new, universally effective vaccines and immunotherapies for infectious disease and cancer. Although the therapeutic exploitation of MHC-E is still in its infancy, recent advances in the understanding of MHC-E biology show enormous potential, as described in this Review.
期刊介绍:
Nature Reviews Immunology is a journal that provides comprehensive coverage of all areas of immunology, including fundamental mechanisms and applied aspects. It has two international standard serial numbers (ISSN): 1474-1733 for print and 1474-1741 for online. In addition to review articles, the journal also features recent developments and new primary papers in the field, as well as reflections on influential people, papers, and events in the development of immunology. The subjects covered by Nature Reviews Immunology include allergy and asthma, autoimmunity, antigen processing and presentation, apoptosis and cell death, chemokines and chemokine receptors, cytokines and cytokine receptors, development and function of cells of the immune system, haematopoiesis, infection and immunity, immunotherapy, innate immunity, mucosal immunology and the microbiota, regulation of the immune response, signalling in the immune system, transplantation, tumour immunology and immunotherapy, and vaccine development.