{"title":"On the Dependence of Static Friction Coefficient on Normal Load","authors":"Michele Ciavarella","doi":"10.1007/s11249-025-02061-5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent interesting experiments, Peng et al. ((2015) PRL, 134, 176202) have shown that the static friction coefficient in a spherical contact drops of a factor close to 2 over 3 decades of increase of normal load, converging to a dynamic friction coefficient. The difference is larger than what commonly attributed in dry metals. They have interpreted this with a numerical boundary integral contact calculations involving many asperities using two input parameters (a static and a dynamic friction coefficient from AFM experiments at nanoscale). However, we show that similar drop with normal load is also expected from the theory of \"Griffith\" or \"JKR\" friction (Ciavarella (2015) J Mech Phys Solids 84: 313–324) which has the advantage of being a simple analytical theory and also of being closely connected with friction laws used commonly today in geophysics. Further, it also uses two input parameters, and requires no numerical solution of the rough contact problem for the sphere.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":"73 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11249-025-02061-5.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Tribology Letters","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11249-025-02061-5","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
In recent interesting experiments, Peng et al. ((2015) PRL, 134, 176202) have shown that the static friction coefficient in a spherical contact drops of a factor close to 2 over 3 decades of increase of normal load, converging to a dynamic friction coefficient. The difference is larger than what commonly attributed in dry metals. They have interpreted this with a numerical boundary integral contact calculations involving many asperities using two input parameters (a static and a dynamic friction coefficient from AFM experiments at nanoscale). However, we show that similar drop with normal load is also expected from the theory of "Griffith" or "JKR" friction (Ciavarella (2015) J Mech Phys Solids 84: 313–324) which has the advantage of being a simple analytical theory and also of being closely connected with friction laws used commonly today in geophysics. Further, it also uses two input parameters, and requires no numerical solution of the rough contact problem for the sphere.
期刊介绍：
Tribology Letters is devoted to the development of the science of tribology and its applications, particularly focusing on publishing high-quality papers at the forefront of tribological science and that address the fundamentals of friction, lubrication, wear, or adhesion. The journal facilitates communication and exchange of seminal ideas among thousands of practitioners who are engaged worldwide in the pursuit of tribology-based science and technology.
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