Correlation of Coronal Hole Area Indices and Solar Wind Speed

IF 2.4 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
Egor Illarionov, Andrey Tlatov, Ivan Berezin, Nadezhda Skorbezh
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Abstract

Coronal holes (CHs) are widely considered as the main sources of high-speed solar wind streams. We validate this thesis comparing the smoothed time series of solar wind speed measured by the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) and various indices of CH areas constructed from the CH catalog compiled at the Kislovodsk Mountain Astronomical Station for the period 2010 – 2025. The main result is that we find specific indices of CH areas that give a strong correlation with smoothed solar wind speed variations. As an example, 1-year averaged areas of CHs located within 30 degrees of the solar equator yield a correlation of 0.9 with 1-year averaged solar wind speed. This strong correlation is a feature of the particular CH catalog, and considering an alternative CH catalog obtained using the Spatial Possibilistic Clustering Algorithm (SPoCA) from the Heliophysics Event Knowledgebase (HEK), the same index provides a correlation of only 0.3. Although the fact that the correlation significantly depends on the catalog requires a separate discussion, we conclude that if some of the catalogs can be used to construct a reliable indicator of solar wind speed variations, then this methodology should be maintained further. Additionally, we present time-latitude diagrams of rolling correlation between CH areas and solar wind speed, which, in our opinion, can be used to reveal source CHs for high-speed solar wind streams.

日冕洞面积指数与太阳风速度的相关性
日冕洞被广泛认为是高速太阳风流的主要来源。我们比较了先进成分探测器(ACE)测量的平滑时间序列和基斯洛沃茨克山天文台编制的CH目录中2010 - 2025年CH区域的各项指标,验证了本文的观点。主要结果是我们发现CH区域的特定指数与平滑的太阳风速度变化具有很强的相关性。例如,位于太阳赤道30度以内的CHs的1年平均面积与1年平均太阳风速度的相关系数为0.9。这种强相关性是特定CH星表的特征,考虑到使用来自太阳物理事件知识库(HEK)的空间可能性聚类算法(SPoCA)获得的另一个CH星表,相同的索引提供的相关性仅为0.3。尽管相关性在很大程度上取决于星表这一事实需要单独讨论,但我们的结论是,如果某些星表可以用来构建太阳风速度变化的可靠指标,那么这种方法应该进一步保持下去。此外,我们给出了CH面积与太阳风速度的时间-纬度滚动相关图,我们认为这可以用来揭示高速太阳风流的源CHs。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Solar Physics
Solar Physics 地学天文-天文与天体物理
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
17.90%
发文量
146
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Solar Physics was founded in 1967 and is the principal journal for the publication of the results of fundamental research on the Sun. The journal treats all aspects of solar physics, ranging from the internal structure of the Sun and its evolution to the outer corona and solar wind in interplanetary space. Papers on solar-terrestrial physics and on stellar research are also published when their results have a direct bearing on our understanding of the Sun.
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