Two-Port/Four-Port Self-Isolated MIMO Antenna With Dual Band for GSM-900/Sub-6 GHz 5G Applications for IoT and Biomedical Applications

IF 1.7 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI:10.1002/jnm.70110

Navneet Kaur, Jaswinder Kaur, Surbhi Sharma, Aashish Kumar, Rajesh Khanna, Manish Sharma, Rana Gill

{"title":"Two-Port/Four-Port Self-Isolated MIMO Antenna With Dual Band for GSM-900/Sub-6 GHz 5G Applications for IoT and Biomedical Applications","authors":"Navneet Kaur, Jaswinder Kaur, Surbhi Sharma, Aashish Kumar, Rajesh Khanna, Manish Sharma, Rana Gill","doi":"10.1002/jnm.70110","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n The work presents the design of a compact two and four-element multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna, featuring a self-isolation capability. The proposed MIMO antenna operates at 0.77–0.96 GHz Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM-900) and 3.4–3.8 GHz (sub-6 GHz 5G band) for |S11| < −10 dB. The front view of the designed antenna comprises a thin slot that is sandwiched between the patch and an additional radiating element. Further, an inverted T-shape ground has been incorporated to attain the dual-band functionality without increasing the size of the antenna. Four antenna elements are placed orthogonally to enhance isolation between the inter-spaced radiators. It provides high isolation of the order of 32 and 24 dB for the GSM and 5G bands, without the use of a decoupling element. The two-port and four-port MIMO antenna occupies a space of 38 × 23 mm2 and 50 × 45 mm2 on FR4 substrate with permittivity of 4.40. Furthermore, diversity characteristics have been evaluated based on crucial parameters like envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), diversity gain (DG), and channel capacity loss (CCL) which are computed, and corresponding values for these parameters are as ECC 0.02, DG 10, and CCL below 0.5 bits/s/Hz for the two-port antenna. However, in the case of the four-port MIMO antenna, diversity results are as ECC 0.005, DG 10, and CCL is below 0.4 bits/s/Hz, which shows that the diversity performance of the four-port MIMO is better than the two-port MIMO antenna. Further, the validation of results and performance parameters of the fabricated antenna are experimentally tested and verified with the simulation results. The proposed work is well suited for Internet-of-Things (IoT) and Biomedical applications with SAR values at 0.80 GHz/3.60 GHz for two/four ports corresponding to 0.000153 and 0.712 W/Kg for single-port and 0.000473 and 0.0483 W/Kg for the four-port MIMO antenna.\n </div>","PeriodicalId":50300,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jnm.70110","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The work presents the design of a compact two and four-element multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna, featuring a self-isolation capability. The proposed MIMO antenna operates at 0.77–0.96 GHz Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM-900) and 3.4–3.8 GHz (sub-6 GHz 5G band) for |S₁₁| < −10 dB. The front view of the designed antenna comprises a thin slot that is sandwiched between the patch and an additional radiating element. Further, an inverted T-shape ground has been incorporated to attain the dual-band functionality without increasing the size of the antenna. Four antenna elements are placed orthogonally to enhance isolation between the inter-spaced radiators. It provides high isolation of the order of 32 and 24 dB for the GSM and 5G bands, without the use of a decoupling element. The two-port and four-port MIMO antenna occupies a space of 38 × 23 mm² and 50 × 45 mm² on FR4 substrate with permittivity of 4.40. Furthermore, diversity characteristics have been evaluated based on crucial parameters like envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), diversity gain (DG), and channel capacity loss (CCL) which are computed, and corresponding values for these parameters are as ECC 0.02, DG 10, and CCL below 0.5 bits/s/Hz for the two-port antenna. However, in the case of the four-port MIMO antenna, diversity results are as ECC 0.005, DG 10, and CCL is below 0.4 bits/s/Hz, which shows that the diversity performance of the four-port MIMO is better than the two-port MIMO antenna. Further, the validation of results and performance parameters of the fabricated antenna are experimentally tested and verified with the simulation results. The proposed work is well suited for Internet-of-Things (IoT) and Biomedical applications with SAR values at 0.80 GHz/3.60 GHz for two/four ports corresponding to 0.000153 and 0.712 W/Kg for single-port and 0.000473 and 0.0483 W/Kg for the four-port MIMO antenna.

查看原文本刊更多论文

双端口/四端口自隔离MIMO天线，双频，用于GSM-900/Sub-6 GHz 5G应用，用于物联网和生物医学应用

这项工作提出了一种紧凑的二元和四元多输入多输出（MIMO）天线的设计，具有自隔离能力。所提出的MIMO天线工作在0.77-0.96 GHz全球移动通信系统（GSM-900）和3.4-3.8 GHz （sub-6 GHz 5G频段），频率为|S11| <；−10 dB。所设计的天线的前视图包括夹在贴片和附加辐射元件之间的薄槽。此外，一个倒t形地已被纳入实现双频功能，而不增加天线的尺寸。四个天线单元垂直放置，以增强间隔散热器之间的隔离。它为GSM和5G频段提供32和24 dB数量级的高隔离，而无需使用去耦元件。两端口和四端口MIMO天线在FR4衬底上的空间分别为38 × 23 mm2和50 × 45 mm2，介电常数为4.40。在此基础上，通过计算包络相关系数（ECC）、分集增益（DG）和信道容量损失（CCL）等关键参数，对双端口天线的分集特性进行了评价，其对应值分别为：ECC 0.02、DG 10和CCL < 0.5 bits/s/Hz。而在四端口MIMO天线的情况下，分集结果为ECC 0.005, DG 10， CCL低于0.4 bits/s/Hz，说明四端口MIMO的分集性能优于双端口MIMO天线。此外，还对实验结果和天线性能参数进行了验证，并与仿真结果进行了验证。所提出的工作非常适合物联网（IoT）和生物医学应用，两/四端口的SAR值为0.80 GHz/3.60 GHz，对应于单端口0.000153和0.712 W/Kg，四端口MIMO天线的SAR值为0.000473和0.0483 W/Kg。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

International Journal of Numerical Modelling-Electronic Networks Devices and Fields 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

6.20%

发文量

101

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Prediction through modelling forms the basis of engineering design. The computational power at the fingertips of the professional engineer is increasing enormously and techniques for computer simulation are changing rapidly. Engineers need models which relate to their design area and which are adaptable to new design concepts. They also need efficient and friendly ways of presenting, viewing and transmitting the data associated with their models. The International Journal of Numerical Modelling: Electronic Networks, Devices and Fields provides a communication vehicle for numerical modelling methods and data preparation methods associated with electrical and electronic circuits and fields. It concentrates on numerical modelling rather than abstract numerical mathematics. Contributions on numerical modelling will cover the entire subject of electrical and electronic engineering. They will range from electrical distribution networks to integrated circuits on VLSI design, and from static electric and magnetic fields through microwaves to optical design. They will also include the use of electrical networks as a modelling medium.