Assessing the antiviral potential of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas putida strains against tomato yellow leaf curl virus: A focus on BU018 and ZA102
{"title":"Assessing the antiviral potential of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas putida strains against tomato yellow leaf curl virus: A focus on BU018 and ZA102","authors":"Farshad Hemmati, Fatemeh Norouzi, Keramatollah Izadpanah, Alireza Afsharifar","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100541","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant viruses are responsible for approximately half of all epidemic plant diseases and cause significant damage to agricultural products. The resistance of plants developed using traditional or genetic engineering methods can be overcome by the genomic flexibility of viruses. On the other hand, no effective antiviral compounds are currently available for on-farm use against viruses. Multiple pieces of evidence indicate the potential of various chemical compounds and beneficial microorganisms to induce resistance against viruses in plants. Therefore, introducing resistance-inducing compounds may be a significant strategy for viral disease management. In the present study, tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), one of the most damaging tomato viruses worldwide, was used as a model, and the effect of several bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere on its control was investigated. The bacteria were collected from various tomato fields in different provinces of Iran and purified and identified. Several properties of these bacteria, including IAA, EPS, and HCN production, were also examined. Based on these characteristics and the local lesion test on <em>Nicotiana glutinosa</em> plants, two strains of bacteria were selected for the experiments. Tomato seedlings at the three-to four-leaf stage were inoculated with TYLCV and then treated individually and in combination with the two strains, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> strain BU018 and <em>Pseudomonas putida</em> strain ZA102. The bioactive compounds present in these two strains were measured using GC-MS. Changes in plant defense enzymes (POD, SOD, and CAT), transcription levels of several pathogenesis-related genes (NPR1, PR1, and PDF1.2), disease severity, virus concentration, and plant growth indices were investigated. The two strains resulted in 36.84 % and 21.05 % reductions in disease severity, respectively, compared to the control. These findings were confirmed by other analyses, including changes in the activity of plant defense enzymes, transcription levels of pathogenesis-related genes, virus concentration, and plant growth indices, indicating a reduction in disease severity by these two strains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100541"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current Plant Biology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214662825001094","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Plant viruses are responsible for approximately half of all epidemic plant diseases and cause significant damage to agricultural products. The resistance of plants developed using traditional or genetic engineering methods can be overcome by the genomic flexibility of viruses. On the other hand, no effective antiviral compounds are currently available for on-farm use against viruses. Multiple pieces of evidence indicate the potential of various chemical compounds and beneficial microorganisms to induce resistance against viruses in plants. Therefore, introducing resistance-inducing compounds may be a significant strategy for viral disease management. In the present study, tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), one of the most damaging tomato viruses worldwide, was used as a model, and the effect of several bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere on its control was investigated. The bacteria were collected from various tomato fields in different provinces of Iran and purified and identified. Several properties of these bacteria, including IAA, EPS, and HCN production, were also examined. Based on these characteristics and the local lesion test on Nicotiana glutinosa plants, two strains of bacteria were selected for the experiments. Tomato seedlings at the three-to four-leaf stage were inoculated with TYLCV and then treated individually and in combination with the two strains, Bacillus subtilis strain BU018 and Pseudomonas putida strain ZA102. The bioactive compounds present in these two strains were measured using GC-MS. Changes in plant defense enzymes (POD, SOD, and CAT), transcription levels of several pathogenesis-related genes (NPR1, PR1, and PDF1.2), disease severity, virus concentration, and plant growth indices were investigated. The two strains resulted in 36.84 % and 21.05 % reductions in disease severity, respectively, compared to the control. These findings were confirmed by other analyses, including changes in the activity of plant defense enzymes, transcription levels of pathogenesis-related genes, virus concentration, and plant growth indices, indicating a reduction in disease severity by these two strains.
期刊介绍:
Current Plant Biology aims to acknowledge and encourage interdisciplinary research in fundamental plant sciences with scope to address crop improvement, biodiversity, nutrition and human health. It publishes review articles, original research papers, method papers and short articles in plant research fields, such as systems biology, cell biology, genetics, epigenetics, mathematical modeling, signal transduction, plant-microbe interactions, synthetic biology, developmental biology, biochemistry, molecular biology, physiology, biotechnologies, bioinformatics and plant genomic resources.